Immune responses to a large number of mutated and non-mutated tumor antigens have been studied in an attempt to unravel the highly complex immune response to cancer. Better understanding of both the effectors and the targets of successful immunosurveillance can inform various immunotherapeutic approaches, which can strengthen or replace natural immunosurveillance that a tumor has managed to escape. In this review we highlight targets of antibodies generated in the context of diseases other than cancer, such as asthma, allergies, autoimmune disorders, inflammation and infections, where the antibody presence correlates either with an increased or a reduced lifetime risk of cancer. We focus on their target antigens, self-molecules abnormally expressed on diseased cells or cross-reactive with exogenous antigens and found on cancer cells as tumor associated antigens (TAA). We refer to them as disease-associated antigens (DAA). We review 4 distinct categories of antibodies according to their target DAA, their origin and their reported impact on cancer risk: natural antibodies, autoantibodies, long-term memory antibodies and allergy-associated antibodies. Increased understanding and focus on their specific targets could enable a more rational choice of antigens for both therapeutic and preventative cancer vaccines and other more effective and less toxic cancer immunotherapies.

为了阐明对癌症的高度复杂的免疫反应，已经研究了对大量突变和非突变肿瘤抗原的免疫反应。更好地了解效应物和成功的免疫监测靶标可以为各种免疫治疗方法提供信息，这些方法可以加强或替代肿瘤设法逃脱的天然免疫监测。在本综述中，我们重点介绍了在癌症以外的疾病（例如哮喘，过敏，自身免疫性疾病，炎症和感染）中产生的抗体的靶标，其中抗体的存在与癌症的终身风险增加或降低有关。我们专注于它们的靶抗原，自体分子在患病细胞上异常表达或与外源抗原发生交叉反应，并在癌细胞上作为肿瘤相关抗原（TAA）被发现。我们将它们称为疾病相关抗原（DAA）。我们根据抗体的目标DAA，其来源以及所报告的对癌症风险的影响，对4种不同类别的抗体进行了概述：天然抗体，自身抗体，长期记忆抗体和变态反应相关抗体。对它们的特定靶点的更多了解和关注可以使治疗性和预防性癌症疫苗以及其他更有效和毒性较小的癌症免疫疗法的抗原更加合理地选择。它们的起源及其对癌症风险的报道影响：天然抗体，自身抗体，长期记忆抗体和过敏相关抗体。对它们的特定靶点的更多了解和关注可以使治疗性和预防性癌症疫苗以及其他更有效和毒性较小的癌症免疫疗法的抗原更加合理地选择。它们的起源及其对癌症风险的报道影响：天然抗体，自身抗体，长期记忆抗体和过敏相关抗体。对它们的特定靶点的更多了解和关注可以使治疗性和预防性癌症疫苗以及其他更有效和毒性较小的癌症免疫疗法的抗原更加合理地选择。