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Protective effects of mirtazapine in mice lacking the Mbnl2 gene in forebrain glutamatergic neurons: Relevance for myotonic dystrophy 1.
Neuropharmacology ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-06 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108030
Carla Ramon-Duaso 1 , Jose Rodríguez-Morató 2 , Estela Selma-Soriano 3 , Cristina Fernández-Avilés 4 , Rubén Artero 3 , Rafael de la Torre 2 , Óscar J Pozo 4 , Patricia Robledo 1
Affiliation  

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystemic disorder characterized by muscle weakness and wasting and by important central nervous system-related symptoms including impairments in executive functions, spatial abilities and increased anxiety and depression. The Mbnl2 gene has been implicated in several phenotypes consistent with DM1 neuropathology. In this study, we developed a tissue-specific knockout mouse model lacking the Mbnl2 gene in forebrain glutamatergic neurons to examine its specific contribution to the neurobiological perturbations related to DM1. We found that these mice exhibit long-term cognitive deficits and a depressive-like state associated with neuronal loss, increased microglia and decreased neurogenesis, specifically in the dentate gyrus (DG). Chronic treatment with the atypical antidepressant mirtazapine (3 and 10 mg/kg) for 21 days rescued these behavioral alterations, reduced inflammatory microglial overexpression, and reversed neuronal loss in the DG. We also show that mirtazapine re-established 5-HT1A and histaminergic H1 receptor gene expression in the hippocampus. Finally, metabolomics studies indicated that mirtazapine increased serotonin, noradrenaline, gamma-aminobutyric acid and adenosine production. These data suggest that loss of Mbnl2 gene in the glutamatergic neurons of hippocampus and cortex may underlie the most relevant DM1 neurobiological and behavioral features, and provide evidence that mirtazapine could be a novel potential candidate to alleviate these debilitating symptoms in DM1 patients.

中文翻译:

米氮平对前脑谷氨酸能神经元缺乏Mbnl2基因的小鼠的保护作用:与强直性营养不良的相关性1。

1型强直性肌营养不良症(DM1)是一种多系统性疾病,其特征在于肌肉无力和消瘦,以及与中枢神经系统有关的重要症状,包括执行功能,空间能力受损以及焦虑和抑郁增加。Mbnl2基因已牵涉到与DM1神经病理学一致的几种表型。在这项研究中,我们开发了一种组织特异性的基因敲除小鼠模型,该模型在前脑谷氨酸能神经元中缺少Mbnl2基因,以检查其对与DM1相关的神经生物学扰动的特定作用。我们发现这些小鼠表现出长期的认知缺陷和与神经元丢失,小胶质细胞增多和神经发生减少相关的抑郁样状态,特别是在齿状回(DG)中。非典型抗抑郁药米氮平(3和10 mg / kg)的慢性治疗持续21天,可以挽救这些行为改变,减少炎症性小胶质细胞过表达,并逆转DG中的神经元丢失。我们还显示,米氮平在海马中重新建立了5-HT1A和组胺能H1受体基因表达。最后,代谢组学研究表明,米氮平增加了血清素,去甲肾上腺素,γ-氨基丁酸和腺苷的产生。这些数据表明,海马和皮层的谷氨酸能神经元中Mbnl2基因的丢失可能是最相关的DM1神经生物学和行为特征的基础,并提供了证据表明米氮平可能是缓解DM1患者这些使人衰弱的症状的新型潜在候选人。减少了炎症性小胶质细胞的过度表达,并逆转了DG中的神经元丢失。我们还显示,米氮平在海马中重新建立了5-HT1A和组胺能H1受体基因表达。最后,代谢组学研究表明,米氮平增加了血清素,去甲肾上腺素,γ-氨基丁酸和腺苷的产生。这些数据表明,海马和皮层的谷氨酸能神经元中Mbnl2基因的丢失可能是最相关的DM1神经生物学和行为特征的基础,并提供了证据表明米氮平可能是缓解DM1患者这些使人衰弱的症状的新型潜在候选人。减少了炎症性小胶质细胞的过度表达,并逆转了DG中的神经元丢失。我们还显示,米氮平在海马中重新建立了5-HT1A和组胺能H1受体基因表达。最后,代谢组学研究表明,米氮平增加了血清素,去甲肾上腺素,γ-氨基丁酸和腺苷的产生。这些数据表明,海马和皮层的谷氨酸能神经元中Mbnl2基因的丢失可能是最相关的DM1神经生物学和行为特征的基础,并提供了证据表明米氮平可能是缓解DM1患者这些使人衰弱的症状的新型潜在候选人。代谢组学研究表明,米氮平增加了血清素,去甲肾上腺素,γ-氨基丁酸和腺苷的产生。这些数据表明,海马和皮层的谷氨酸能神经元中Mbnl2基因的丢失可能是最相关的DM1神经生物学和行为特征的基础,并提供了证据表明米氮平可能是缓解DM1患者这些使人衰弱的症状的新型潜在候选人。代谢组学研究表明,米氮平增加了血清素,去甲肾上腺素,γ-氨基丁酸和腺苷的产生。这些数据表明,海马和皮层的谷氨酸能神经元中Mbnl2基因的丢失可能是最相关的DM1神经生物学和行为特征的基础,并提供了证据表明米氮平可能是减轻DM1患者这些使人衰弱的症状的新型潜在候选人。
更新日期:2020-04-06
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