Machine learning (ML) is a branch of artificial intelligence centered on algorithms which do not need explicit prior programming to function but automatically learn from available data, creating decision models to complete tasks. ML-based tools have numerous promising applications in several fields of medicine. Its use has grown following the increased availability of patient data due to technological advances such as digital health records and high-volume information extraction from medical images. Multiple ML algorithms have been proposed for applications in oncology. For instance, they have been employed for oncological risk assessment, automated segmentation, lesion detection, characterization, grading and staging, prediction of prognosis and therapy response. In the near future, ML could become essential part of every step of oncological screening strategies and patients' management thus leading to precision medicine.

中文翻译：

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肿瘤学中的机器学习：临床评估。

机器学习（ML）是人工智能的一个分支，其核心是算法，这些算法不需要事先进行明确的编程即可起作用，而是自动从可用数据中学习，从而创建决策模型以完成任务。基于ML的工具在医学的多个领域中具有许多有希望的应用。随着诸如数字健康记录和从医学图像中提取大量信息之类的技术进步，随着患者数据可用性的提高，其使用也得到了增长。已经提出了多种ML算法用于肿瘤学中的应用。例如，它们已被用于肿瘤风险评估，自动分割，病变检测，表征，分级和分期，预测预后和治疗反应。在不远的将来，