ABSTRACT This paper reports on a controlled experiment evaluating how different cartographic representations of risk affect participants’ performance on a complex spatial decision task: route planning. The specific experimental scenario used is oriented towards emergency route-planning during flood response. The experiment compared six common abstract and metaphorical graphical symbolizations of risk. The results indicate a pattern of less-preferred graphical symbolizations associated with slower responses and lower-risk route choices. One mechanism that might explain these observed relationships would be that more complex and effortful maps promote closer attention paid by participants and lower levels of risk taking. Such user considerations have important implications for the design of maps and mapping interfaces for emergency planning and response. The data also highlights the importance of the ‘right decision, wrong outcome problem’ inherent in decision-making under uncertainty: in individual instances, more risky decisions do not always lead to worse outcomes.

中文翻译：

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评估风险可视化对应急路线规划的影响

摘要 本文报告了一项受控实验，该实验评估了风险的不同制图表示如何影响参与者在复杂空间决策任务：路线规划中的表现。所使用的特定实验场景面向洪水响应期间的应急路线规划。该实验比较了六种常见的抽象和隐喻的风险图形符号。结果表明，与较慢的响应和较低风险的路线选择相关的不太受欢迎的图形符号模式。一种可能解释这些观察到的关系的机制是，更复杂和更努力的地图会促进参与者更密切地关注并降低冒险水平。此类用户考虑对应急规划和响应的地图和绘图界面的设计具有重要意义。数据还强调了不确定性下决策中固有的“正确决策，错误结果问题”的重要性：在个别情况下，风险更大的决策并不总是导致更糟糕的结果。