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Metallomic and lipidomic analysis of S. cerevisiae response to cellulosic copper nanoparticles uncovers drivers of toxicity.
Metallomics ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-02 , DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00018c
Matthew J Winans 1 , Jennifer E G Gallagher
Affiliation  

Nanotechnology is a promising new technology, of which antimicrobial metal nanocomposites are predicted to become valuable in medical and food packaging applications. Copper is a redox-active antimicrobial metal that can become increasingly toxic depending on the target biomolecule's donor atom selectivity and the chemical species of copper present. Mass is the traditional measurement of the intrinsic elemental chemistry, but this practice fails to reflect the morphology and surface area reactivity of nanotechnology. The carboxymethyl cellulose copper nanoparticles (CMC-Cu) investigated in this study have unique and undefined toxicity to Saccharomyces cerevisiae that is different from CuSO4. Cellular surface damage was found in scanning electron micrographs upon CMC-Cu exposure. Further investigation into the lipids revealed altered phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine membrane composition, as well as depleted triacylglycerols, suggesting an impact on the Kennedy lipid pathway. High levels of reactive oxygen species were measured which likely played a role in the lipid peroxidation detected with CMC-Cu treatment. Metal homeostasis was affected by CMC-Cu treatment. The copper sensitive yeast strain, YJM789, significantly decreased cellular zinc concentrations while the copper concentrations increased, suggesting a possible ionic mimicry relationship. In contrast to other compounds that generate ROS, no evidence of genotoxicity was found. As commonplace objects become more integrated with nanotechnology, humanity must look forward past traditional measurements of toxicity.

中文翻译:

酿酒酵母对纤维素铜纳米颗粒的反应的金属学和脂质组学分析揭示了毒性的驱动因素。

纳米技术是一种有前途的新技术,其中的抗菌金属纳米复合材料有望在医疗和食品包装应用中变得有价值。铜是一种具有氧化还原活性的抗菌金属,根据目标生物分子的供体原子选择性和所存在的铜的化学种类,铜的毒性会越来越大。质量是内在元素化学的传统测量方法,但是这种做法无法反映出纳米技术的形态和表面积反应性。在这项研究中研究的羧甲基纤维素铜纳米颗粒(CMC-Cu)对酿酒酵母具有独特且不确定的毒性,不同于CuSO4。在暴露于CMC-Cu的扫描电子显微镜照片中发现了细胞表面损伤。对脂质的进一步研究表明,磷脂酰胆碱和磷脂酰乙醇胺的膜组成发生了变化,以及三酰基甘油的消耗减少,表明对肯尼迪脂质途径的影响。测量了高水平的活性氧,这可能在CMC-Cu处理检测到的脂质过氧化中起作用。金属稳态受到CMC-Cu处理的影响。对铜敏感的酵母菌株YJM789,显着降低了细胞中的锌浓度,而铜浓度则增加,表明可能存在离子拟态关系。与其他产生ROS的化合物相反,没有发现遗传毒性的证据。随着普通物体与纳米技术的集成越来越多,人类必须期待过去对毒性的传统测量。
更新日期:2020-04-02
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