Understanding the development, regeneration, and disorders of the liver is the major goal in liver biology. Current mechanistic knowledge of human livers has been largely derived from mouse models and cell lines, which fall short in recapitulating the features of human liver cells or the structures and functions of human livers. Organoids as an in vitro system hold the promise to generate organ-like tissues in a dish. Recent advances in human liver organoids also facilitate the understanding of the biology and diseases in this complex organ. Here we review the progress in human liver organoids, mainly focusing on the methods to generate liver organoids, their applications, and possible future directions.

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人肝类器官研究进展

了解肝脏的发育、再生和紊乱是肝脏生物学的主要目标。目前人类肝脏的机械知识主要来自小鼠模型和细胞系，它们在概括人类肝细胞的特征或人类肝脏的结构和功能方面存在不足。类器官作为体外系统有望在培养皿中生成器官样组织。人类肝脏类器官的最新进展也有助于了解这个复杂器官的生物学和疾病。在这里，我们回顾了人类肝脏类器官的进展，主要关注肝脏类器官的生成方法、应用以及未来可能的方向。