Optogenetic therapies for vision restoration aim to confer intrinsic light sensitivity to retinal ganglion cells when photoreceptors have degenerated and light sensitivity has been irreversibly lost. We combine adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy with calcium imaging to optically record optogenetically restored retinal ganglion cell activity in the fovea of the living primate. Recording from the intact eye of a living animal, we compare the patterns of activity evoked by the optogenetic actuator ChrimsonR with natural photoreceptor mediated stimulation in the same retinal ganglion cells. Optogenetic responses are recorded more than one year following administration of the therapy and two weeks after acute loss of photoreceptor input in the living animal. This in vivo imaging approach could be paired with any therapy to minimize the number of primates required to evaluate restored activity on the retinal level, while maximizing translational benefit by using an appropriate pre-clinical model of the human visual system.

中文翻译：

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灵长类动物视网膜神经节细胞活性的光遗传学恢复。

视力恢复的光遗传学疗法旨在在感光细胞退化并且不可逆转地失去光敏感性时赋予视网膜神经节细胞固有的光敏感性。我们将自适应光学检眼镜与钙成像相结合，以光学方式记录活灵长类动物的中央凹中的光遗传学恢复的视网膜神经节细胞活性。从活体动物的完整眼中进行记录，我们比较了在相同的视网膜神经节细胞中，光遗传致动器ChrimsonR与自然光感受器介导的刺激引起的活动模式。给予光疗后一年以上，以及在活体动物中感光体输入急剧丧失后两周，记录了光遗传学反应。