Community forest management (CFM) is often a field of encounter between knowledge systems, where a conventional forestry blueprint is frequently applied in contexts rich in traditional ecological knowledge (TEK). This is the case in Mexico, a bioculturally diverse country and a reference of community forestry. Based on a review of laws, policies, literature, and empirical examples, we explore technical, epistemological, political, and contextual dimensions associated with the inclusion and exclusion of TEK in CFM in Mexico. Our analysis is composed of three steps: (1) A diachronic analysis of how TEK and associated practices have been considered by federal forest laws and codes (1960–2018), (2) a diachronic analysis of the scope of conventional forestry and its evolution in time and space, and (3) situated examples illustrating the inclusion and exclusion of TEK in CFM. We argue that: (1) Legal recognition of TEK as a concept does not necessarily entail the legal recognition of all traditional management practices; (2) the inclusion of TEK in CFM is heterogeneous across communities, ecosystems, regions, products and historical trajectories; and (3) different traditional practices are not equally integrated in CFM: traditional practices that contradict the spatial segregation of activities (i.e., land sparing) favored by conventional forestry tend to be less easily accepted or ignored by government institutions.

中文翻译：

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社区森林管理中的传统生态知识：墨西哥森林法律，政策和实践的演变与局限

社区森林管理（CFM）通常是知识系统之间相遇的领域，在该领域中，常规林业蓝图经常在具有丰富传统生态知识（TEK）的环境中应用。墨西哥就是这种情况，墨西哥是一个生物文化多元化的国家，也是社区林业的参考。在回顾法律，政策，文献和经验示例的基础上，我们探索了与在墨西哥的CFM中包含和排除TEK相关的技术，认识论，政治和背景维度。我们的分析包括三个步骤：（1）对联邦森林法律和法规（1960–2018）如何考虑TEK和相关实践的历时分析，（2）对常规林业及其演变范围的历时分析在时间和空间上 （3）举例说明在CFM中包含和排除TEK。我们认为：（1）TEK作为一种概念的法律认可不一定意味着对所有传统管理实践的法律认可；（2）在社区，生态系统，地区，产品和历史轨迹方面，将TEK纳入CFM是异质的；（3）不同的传统做法没有在CFM中平等地融合：与传统林业所主张的活动空间分隔（即节约土地）相抵触的传统做法往往不那么容易被政府机构接受或忽略。（2）在社区，生态系统，地区，产品和历史轨迹方面，将TEK纳入CFM是异质的；（3）不同的传统做法没有在CFM中平等地融合：与传统林业所主张的活动空间分隔（即节约土地）相抵触的传统做法往往不那么容易被政府机构接受或忽略。（2）在社区，生态系统，地区，产品和历史轨迹方面，将TEK纳入CFM是异质的；（3）不同的传统做法没有在CFM中平等地融合：与传统林业所主张的活动空间分隔（即节约土地）相抵触的传统做法往往不那么容易被政府机构接受或忽略。