Scrophularia tenuipes is an Algerian-Tunisian endemic species, which has not been studied yet. Ethyl acetate (EA) and n-butanol (Bu) fractions obtained from Scrophularia tenuipes were investigated for their health benefit properties, in particular with respect to in vivo/in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, as well as their potential to inhibit key enzymes with impact in diabetes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase). The fractions had a distinct phytochemical composition, of which EA was richer in total phenolic compounds (225 mg GAE/g) and mostly composed of the phenylethanoid acetyl martynoside. Compared to EA, Bu had higher amounts of total flavonoids, and according to the result obtained from UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn analysis, harpagoside (iridoid) was its major phytochemical. EA fraction was quite promising with regard to the in vivo (at 200 mg/kg, po) anti-inflammatory effect (62% and 52% for carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and xylene-induced ear edema tests, respectively), while Bu fraction exhibited a stronger antioxidant capacity in all tests (IC50 = 68 µg/mL, IC50 = 18 µg/mL, IC50 = 18 µg/mL and A0.50 = 43 µg/mL for DPPH●, ABTS•+, O2•− scavenging assays and cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity method, respectively). Both fractions also showed a strong effect against α-amylase enzyme (IC50 = 8 µg/mL and 10 µg/mL for EA and Bu fraction, respectively).

中文翻译：

---

玄参和杜里厄：植物化学成分和生物活性

玄参是阿尔及利亚-突尼斯特有物种，目前尚未被研究。研究了从玄参中获得的乙酸乙酯 (EA) 和正丁醇 (Bu) 组分的健康益处，特别是体内/体外抗炎和抗氧化活性，以及​​它们抑制关键活性物质的潜力。对糖尿病有影响的酶（α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶）。这些部分具有独特的植物化学成分，其中 EA 富含总酚化合物（225 mg GAE/g），并且主要由苯乙醇乙酰马蒂诺苷组成。与EA相比，Bu的总黄酮含量较高，根据UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn分析结果，哈帕戈苷（环烯醚萜苷）是其主要植物化学物质。EA 部分在体内（200 mg/kg，口服）抗炎作用方面非常有前景（角叉菜胶诱导的大鼠爪水肿和二甲苯诱导的耳水肿试验分别为 62% 和 52%），而 Bu在所有测试中，该组分均表现出更强的抗氧化能力（对于 DPPH●、ABTS•+、O2•−，IC50 = 68 µg/mL、IC50 = 18 µg/mL、IC50 = 18 µg/mL 和 A0.50 = 43 µg/mL分别为清除测定法和铜还原抗氧化能力法）。两种组分还表现出对 α-淀粉酶的强烈作用（EA 和 Bu 组分的 IC50 分别为 8 µg/mL 和 10 µg/mL）。