Tembotrione is a rather novel pesticide, usually used for post-emergence weed control. Even though its use is rapidly growing, it is not followed by an adequate flow of scientific evidence regarding its toxicity towards non-target organisms. We evaluated the potential of low doses of tembotrione to induce oxidative stress and cytogenetic damage in blood and brain cells of adult male Wistar rats. Parameters of lipid peroxidation, glutathione levels, activities of antioxidant enzymes and primary DNA damage were assessed following 28-day repeated oral exposure to doses comparable with the currently proposed health-based reference values. The results of the alkaline comet assay showed that such low doses of tembotrione have the potency to inflict primary DNA damage in both peripheral blood leukocytes and brain of treated rats, even with only slight changes in the oxidative biomarker levels. The DNA damage in blood and brain cells of Wistar rats significantly increased at all applied doses, suggesting that tembotrione genotoxicity is mainly a result of direct interaction with DNA while the induction of oxidative stress responses contributes to DNA instability in a lesser extent. The findings of the present study call for further research using other sensitive biomarkers of effect and different exposure scenarios.

中文翻译：

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评价暴露于低水平的丁三酮的大鼠血液和脑部的氧化应激反应和初级DNA损伤。

Tembotrione是一种相当新颖的农药，通常用于出苗后除草。尽管其使用量正在迅速增长，但在其对非目标生物的毒性方面却没有足够的科学证据。我们评估了成年雄性Wistar大鼠血液和脑细胞中低剂量的tembotrione诱导氧化应激和细胞遗传学损伤的潜力。重复口服28天后，评估脂质过氧化，谷胱甘肽水平，抗氧化酶活性和原发性DNA损伤的参数，这些剂量与目前建议的基于健康的参考值相当。碱性彗星试验的结果表明，如此低剂量的tembotrione具有对被治疗大鼠的外周血白细胞和大脑造成初级DNA损伤的能力，即使氧化生物标志物的含量只有轻微变化。Wistar大鼠的血液和脑细胞中的DNA损伤在所有应用剂量下均显着增加，这表明丁康三酮的遗传毒性主要是与DNA直接相互作用的结果，而氧化应激反应的诱导则在较小程度上促进了DNA的不稳定性。本研究的结果要求使用其他敏感的生物标志物和不同的暴露场景进行进一步研究。