Abstract Management practices to improve soil health influence several ecosystem services including regulation of water flows, changes in soil biodiversity and greenhouse gases that are important at local, regional and global levels. Unfortunately, the primary focus in soil health management over the years has been increasing crop productivity and to some extent the associated economics and use efficiencies of inputs. There are now efforts to study the inter-relationship of associated ecosystem effects of soil health management considering that sustainable intensification cannot occur without conscious recognition of these associated non-provisioning ecosystem services. This review documents the current knowledge of ecosystem services for key management practices based on experiences from agricultural lands in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). Here, practicing conservation agriculture (CA) and Integrated Soil fertility management (ISFM) have overall positive benefits on increasing infiltration (>44), reducing runoff (>30%) and soil erosion (>33%) and increases soil biodiversity. While ISFM and Agroforestry increase provisioning of fuelwood, fodder and food, the effect of CA on the provisioning of food is unclear. Also, considering long-term perspectives, none of the studied soil health promoting practices are increasing soil organic carbon (SOC). Annual contributions to greenhouse gases are generally low (

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土壤健康和生态系统服务：撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 的经验教训

摘要 改善土壤健康的管理实践会影响多种生态系统服务，包括水流量调节、土壤生物多样性变化和温室气体，这些在地方、区域和全球层面都很重要。不幸的是，多年来土壤健康管理的主要重点一直是提高作物生产力，并在一定程度上提高相关的经济性和投入物的使用效率。现在正在努力研究土壤健康管理的相关生态系统影响的相互关系，因为如果不自觉地认识到这些相关的非供应生态系统服务，就不可能发生可持续集约化。本综述根据撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 农地的经验，记录了关键管理实践中生态系统服务的当前知识。这里，实践保护性农业 (CA) 和综合土壤肥力管理 (ISFM) 在增加渗透 (>44)、减少径流 (>30%) 和土壤侵蚀 (>33%) 以及增加土壤生物多样性方面具有总体积极的好处。虽然 ISFM 和农林业增加了薪材、饲料和食物的供应，但 CA 对食物供应的影响尚不清楚。此外，从长远来看，所研究的土壤健康促进实践都没有增加土壤有机碳 (SOC)。每年对温室气体的贡献通常很低（虽然 ISFM 和农林业增加了薪材、饲料和食物的供应，但 CA 对食物供应的影响尚不清楚。此外，从长远来看，所研究的土壤健康促进实践都没有增加土壤有机碳 (SOC)。每年对温室气体的贡献通常很低（虽然 ISFM 和农林业增加了薪材、饲料和食物的供应，但 CA 对食物供应的影响尚不清楚。此外，从长远来看，所研究的土壤健康促进实践都没有增加土壤有机碳 (SOC)。每年对温室气体的贡献通常很低（