Nanofibers have been widely used for the construction of proton channels in proton exchange membranes (PEMs), and the optimization and control of proton channels have become a focus in this research area. In this work, we design and fabricate optimized and efficient proton transport channels in PEMs by introducing of sulfonated poly (ether sulfone) nanofiber with amino–modified SiO₂ protuberance structures. The protuberance structures improve the strong interactions between the functional groups of nanofibers and matrix, resulting in an increased density of proton-conducting sites and improvement in membrane properties. Notably, Nafion/SPES/SiO₂–3% possesses a low methanol permeability of 7.22 × 10⁻⁷ cm²s⁻¹ and a high proton conductivity of 0.23 S cm⁻¹ at 80 °C in water. Consequently, the Nafion/SPES/SiO₂ membrane demonstrates a maximum power density of 77.22 mW cm⁻² in a direct methanol fuel cell test system, which is 42.34% higher compared to the value of Nafion membrane (54.25 mW cm⁻²). This study successfully explores the preparation route of nanofiber with protuberance structures successfully, and highlights the potential benefits of this novel nanofiber structure in the PEM field.

纳米纤维已广泛用于质子交换膜（PEMs）中质子通道的构建，质子通道的优化和控制已成为该研究领域的重点。在这项工作中，我们通过引入具有氨基修饰的SiO ₂凸起结构的磺化聚（醚砜）纳米纤维，设计和制造PEM中优化的高效质子传输通道。突起结构改善了纳米纤维的官能团与基质之间的强相互作用，导致增加了质子传导位点的密度并改善了膜的性能。值得注意的是，Nafion / SPES / SiO ₂ -3％的甲醇渗透率很低，为7.22×10 ^-7 cm ² s ^-1且在80°C的水中具有0.23 S cm ^-1的高质子传导率。因此，Nafion / SPES / SiO ₂膜在直接甲醇燃料电池测试系统中显示出77.22 mW cm ^-2的最大功率密度，比Nafion膜的值（54.25 mW cm ^-2）高42.34％。这项研究成功地探索了具有突起结构的纳米纤维的制备路线，并强调了这种新型纳米纤维结构在PEM领域的潜在益处。