Abstract Climate change-driven ocean acidification (OA) is causing rapid change to global ecosystems and poses a significant threat to marine life. However, predicting ecosystem effects remains highly uncertain and governance responses to OA are not yet forthcoming. Adaptive governance can provide a means to deal with this uncertainty and we consider its application to the polycentric governance of adaptation responses to OA in Scotland, focussing on the aquaculture industry as a vulnerable sector. A workshop was used to develop potential responses to OA and to gain information about present and potential capacity for adaptive governance at national and regional levels. Scottish legislation, policy and planning documents were subsequently analysed to enable description of how governance and management arrangements constrain or enable adaptation responses. Legislative and policy analysis indicates convergence across emerging mechanisms in support of adaptive governance and identified interventions. Recent advances in climate change adaptation in Scotland promotes integration of adaptation into wider Scottish Government policy development and functions, based on iterative and collaborative processes across scales. Alongside this, new models of coastal and marine governance, including a partnership-led regional marine planning process and devolution of seabed management rights under Crown Estate Scotland, seek to advance new models of locally-led and learning-based planning and management which can support adaptation responses. However, adaptation measures at operational scale requires flexibility in the aquaculture licensing regime which is currently of low adaptive capacity. Further, expansion of the industry faces social and ecological constraints which limit spatial measures, and are complicated by uncertainty in predicting local OA effects. Expanding the use of holistic and co-operative management tools such as Aquaculture Management Areas could support adaptation across wider spatial scales. Better integration across policy and planning instruments is also needed to enhance adaptive capacity, including between climate change adaptation, marine planning and aquaculture planning and management. This could be enabled by establishing links between existing and proposed collaborative groups to enhance development of adaptation responses and through co-ordination of monitoring and review processes to promote learning across scales.

中文翻译：

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适应与气候变化相关的海洋酸化：一种适应性治理方法

摘要 气候变化驱动的海洋酸化（OA）正在引起全球生态系统的快速变化，并对海洋生物构成重大威胁。然而，预测生态系统影响仍然高度不确定，对 OA 的治理响应尚未出台。适应性治理可以提供一种处理这种不确定性的手段，我们考虑将其应用于苏格兰对 OA 的适应响应的多中心治理，将水产养殖业作为一个脆弱的部门。一个研讨会被用来制定对开放获取的潜在反应，并获得关于国家和区域层面适应性治理的现有和潜在能力的信息。苏格兰立法，随后对政策和规划文件进行了分析，以描述治理和管理安排如何限制或促成适应反应。立法和政策分析表明，支持适应性治理和已确定的干预措施的新兴机制的融合。苏格兰气候变化适应方面的最新进展促进了适应融入更广泛的苏格兰政府政策制定和职能，基于跨尺度的迭代和协作过程。除此之外，沿海和海洋治理的新模式，包括伙伴关系主导的区域海洋规划进程和苏格兰皇家地产下海底管理权的下放，寻求推进本地主导和基于学习的规划和管理的新模式，这可以支持适应反应。然而，业务规模的适应措施需要水产养殖许可制度的灵活性，目前适应能力低。此外，该行业的扩张面临限制空间措施的社会和生态约束，并且由于预测当地 OA 效应的不确定性而变得复杂。扩大水产养殖管理区等整体和合作管理工具的使用可以支持更广泛的空间尺度的适应。还需要更好地整合政策和规划工具，以提高适应能力，包括适应气候变化、海洋规划和水产养殖规划和管理之间的能力。