One of the barriers that prevent augmented reality (AR) from being widely adopted in diverse and complex industrial operations is the lack of adaptive and scalable AR work instruction (ARWI). This paper suggests a systematic method to solve the problem. The proposed method presents an adaptive representation structure that expresses and controls those interrelated aspects of ARWI adaptiveness: authoring, environment, guiding and process control. The proposed method also provides a detailed approach to achieve the adaptiveness of ARWI in its authoring and running process. The ARWI design workflow suggested can incorporate industrial AR elements via on-site operators’ inputs without programming instead of developers or engineers. At the same time, the adaptive ARWI can adapt to different people, environment objects, and processes of complex industrial operations at runtime. This advantage brings ARWI design closer to real applications and makes the technology more adoptable. Three user studies, using the disassembly operations of an aircraft engine’s hydraulic actuator and other two practical cases, are used to assess the proposed method and support our claims.

阻碍在各种复杂的工业操作中广泛采用增强现实（AR）的障碍之一是缺乏自适应和可扩展的AR工作指令（ARWI）。本文提出了解决该问题的系统方法。所提出的方法提出了一种自适应表示结构，该结构表示和控制了ARWI自适应性的那些相互关联的方面：创作，环境，指导和过程控制。所提出的方法还提供了一种详细的方法来实现ARWI在其创作和运行过程中的自适应性。建议的ARWI设计工作流程可以通过现场操作员的输入将工业AR元素整合进来，而无需通过编程代替开发人员或工程师。同时，自适应ARWI可以适应不同的人，环境对象，在运行时进行复杂的工业操作流程。这一优势使ARWI设计更接近实际应用，并使该技术更易于采用。使用飞机发动机的液压执行器的拆卸操作和其他两个实际案例进行了三个用户研究，以评估提出的方法并支持我们的主张。