Abstract Rapid urbanization and irrigation agriculture along the hyperarid Red Sea coastal plain in Egypt are dependent on freshwater supply from coastal aquifers. The aquifers are recharged by flash-floods from catchments (wadis) in the Eastern Desert, but large floods also cause infrastructure damage and deaths. Flood management strategies require knowledge of flood magnitude-frequency relationships, but in this regard quantitative data are lacking. Here, we reconstruct the peak discharge of a large flash-flood in 2016 using field measurements and flood discharge modelling along Wadi Umm Sidr, ~50 km west of Hurghada. In addition, we estimated the total flood volume, the flood duration, the infiltration rate and the transmission losses. Results are consistent with the few published determinations for large floods across the wider Levant. Field survey of recent floods (and palaeofloods) is a robust means to develop regionally applicable magnitude-frequency relationships. We close with some recommendations regarding flood protection of the Red Sea coastal infrastructure.

中文翻译：

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埃及东部沙漠 Wadi Umm Sidr 的山洪水文和含水层补给

摘要 埃及红海沿岸平原沿线的快速城市化和灌溉农业依赖于沿海含水层的淡水供应。东部沙漠的集水区 (wadis) 的山洪为含水层补给，但大洪水也会造成基础设施损坏和死亡。洪水管理策略需要了解洪水幅度-频率关系，但缺乏这方面的定量数据。在这里，我们使用沿 Wadi Umm Sidr 的现场测量和洪水流量建模重建了 2016 年大型山洪暴发的峰值流量，该地区位于赫尔格达以西约 50 公里。此外，我们估计了总洪水量、洪水持续时间、渗透率和传输损失。结果与少数已发表的关于整个黎凡特大洪水的测定结果一致。近期洪水（和古洪水）的现场调查是发展区域适用的幅度-频率关系的有力手段。我们最后提出了一些关于红海沿海基础设施防洪的建议。