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Performance of grapevine grown on reclaimed Mediterranean karst land: Appearance and duration of high temperature events and effects of irrigation
Agricultural Water Management ( IF 6.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106166
D. Romić , J. Karoglan Kontić , D. Preiner , M. Romić , B. Lazarević , E. Maletić , G. Ondrašek , Ž. Andabaka , H. Bakić Begić , M. Bubalo Kovačić , L. Filipović , S. Husnjak , Z. Marković , D. Stupić , I. Tomaz , M. Zovko

Abstract Stony karst landscape in the Adriatic coastal area has been cultivated for centuries to grow Mediterranean crops. Shallow and less fertile soils were mostly used for rain-fed grapevine and olive production. Native grapevine cultivars are, in general, well adapted to the warm and droughty climate, but a rapid drift in weather patterns characterized mostly by long-lasting high temperature events during the growing season urges the producers to apply irrigation. This research, studying the effects of different irrigation levels on Babic grapevine performance, was carried out in two growing seasons (2015 and 2016) with contrasting weather conditions in a vineyard established on a parcel of land derived from the stony surface of a limestone plateau on the very edge of the Eastern Adriatic coast. The study evaluated the effects of different irrigation regimes based on the quantification of grapevine water use (50, 75, and 100 % of crop evapotranspiration) by measuring the total leaf area, leaf gas exchange performance, and grape yield and quality. The irrigation treatments increased the total leaf area, net photosynthetic rate, average transpiration rate, and average mesophyll CO2 concentration. The yield components and grape quality were also affected by the irrigation treatments. Positive effects of irrigation in both the experimental seasons were associated with increased yield and total soluble solids (TSS), as well as synchronized TSS and phenolic ripening. Furthermore, water stress positively affected the concentrations of anthocyanins and other polyphenols in both years of the study. In 2015, extremely high temperatures reduced the grape yield, juice yield, and anthocyanin content in grapes in non-irrigated vines as well as in all irrigation treatments. Irrigation was efficient in reducing these negative effects, except in the case of the anthocyanin content.

中文翻译:

在开垦的地中海喀斯特土地上种植的葡萄树的性能:高温事件的出现和持续时间以及灌溉的影响

摘要 几个世纪以来,亚得里亚海沿岸地区的岩溶岩溶景观一直被用来种植地中海作物。浅层和不太肥沃的土壤主要用于雨养葡萄树和橄榄生产。一般来说,本土葡萄栽培品种很好地适应了温暖和干旱的气候,但天气模式的快速变化主要以生长季节持续的高温事件为特征,促使生产者进行灌溉。这项研究是在两个生长季节(2015 年和 2016 年)进行的,研究不同灌溉水平对 Babic 葡萄性能的影响,在一个葡萄园中进行了对比天气条件,该葡萄园建立在一块源自石灰岩高原石质表面的土地上。亚得里亚海东部海岸的最边缘。该研究通过测量总叶面积、叶片气体交换性能以及葡萄产量和质量,基于葡萄藤用水量的量化(50%、75% 和 100% 的作物蒸发量)评估了不同灌溉制度的影响。灌溉处理增加了总叶面积、净光合速率、平均蒸腾速率和平均叶肉 CO2 浓度。产量构成和葡萄品质也受到灌溉处理的影响。两个实验季节灌溉的积极影响都与增加的产量和总可溶性固体 (TSS) 以及同步 TSS 和酚类成熟有关。此外,在两年的研究中,水分胁迫对花青素和其他多酚的浓度产生了积极的影响。2015 年,极高的温度降低了非灌溉葡萄藤以及所有灌溉处理中的葡萄产量、果汁产量和葡萄中的花青素含量。除花青素含量外,灌溉可有效减少这些负面影响。
更新日期:2020-06-01
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