The respiratory system, which includes the trachea, airways, and distal alveoli, is a complex multi-cellular organ that intimately links with the cardiovascular system to accomplish gas exchange. In this review and as members of the NIH/NHLBI-supported Progenitor Cell Translational Consortium, we discuss key aspects of lung repair and regeneration. We focus on the cellular compositions within functional niches, cell-cell signaling in homeostatic health, the responses to injury, and new methods to study lung repair and regeneration. We also provide future directions for an improved understanding of the cell biology of the respiratory system, as well as new therapeutic avenues.

中文翻译：

---

肺修复和再生的细胞和生理基础：过去、现在和未来。

呼吸系统，包括气管、气道和远端肺泡，是一个复杂的多细胞器官，与心血管系统紧密相连，完成气体交换。在这篇综述中，作为 NIH/NHLBI 支持的祖细胞转化联盟的成员，我们讨论了肺修复和再生的关键方面。我们专注于功能性生态位内的细胞组成、稳态健康中的细胞信号、对损伤的反应以及研究肺修复和再生的新方法。我们还为更好地理解呼吸系统的细胞生物学以及新的治疗途径提供了未来的方向。