In the evolutionary arms race between pathogens and plants, pathogens evolved effector molecules that they secrete into the host to subvert plant cellular responses in a process termed the effector-targeted pathway (ETP). During recent years the repertoire of ETPs has increased and mounting evidence indicates that the proteasome and autophagy pathways are central hubs of microbial effectors. Both degradation pathways are implicated in a broad array of cellular responses and thus constitute an attractive target for effector proteins to have a broader impact on the host. In this article we first summarize recent findings on how effectors from various pathogens modulate proteolytic pathways and then provide a network analysis of established effector targets implicated in proteolytic degradation machineries. With this network we emphasize the idea that effectors targeting proteolytic degradation pathways will affect the protein synthesis-transport and degradation triangle. We put in perspective that, in utilizing the effector diversity of microbes, we produce excellent tools to study diverse cellular pathways and their possible interplay with each other.

在病原体和植物之间的进化军备竞赛中，病原体进化出了效应分子，它们分泌到宿主中，从而在称为效应子定向途径（ETP）的过程中破坏了植物的细胞反应。近年来，ETP的种类有所增加，越来越多的证据表明，蛋白酶体和自噬途径是微生物效应器的中心枢纽。两种降解途径都涉及广泛的细胞应答，因此构成效应蛋白对宿主具有更广泛影响的有吸引力的靶标。在本文中，我们首先总结关于来自各种病原体的效应子如何调节蛋白水解途径的最新发现，然后提供对涉及蛋白水解降解机制的已建立效应子靶标的网络分析。通过这个网络，我们强调这样一个想法，即靶向蛋白水解降解途径的效应子将影响蛋白质的合成转运和降解三角形。我们提出了一种观点，即利用微生物的效应子多样性，我们提供了出色的工具来研究多种细胞途径及其相互之间可能的相互作用。