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Impact of lignans in oilseed mix on gut microbiome composition and enterolignan production in younger healthy and premenopausal women: an in vitro pilot study
Microbial Cell Factories ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-03 , DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01341-0
Giulia Corona , Anna Kreimes , Monica Barone , Silvia Turroni , Patrizia Brigidi , Enver Keleszade , Adele Costabile

Dietary lignans belong to the group of phytoestrogens together with coumestans, stilbenes and isoflavones, and themselves do not exhibit oestrogen-like properties. Nonetheless, the gut microbiota converts them into enterolignans, which show chemical similarity to the human oestrogen molecule. One of the richest dietary sources of lignans are oilseeds, including flaxseed. The aim of this pilot study was to determine the concentration of the main dietary lignans in an oilseed mix, and explore the gut microbiota-dependent production of enterolignans for oestrogen substitution in young and premenopausal women. The oilseed mix was fermented in a pH-controlled batch culture system inoculated with women’s faecal samples. The lignan content and enterolignan production were measured by ultra‐high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS), and the faecal-derived microbial communities were profiled by 16S rRNA gene-based next-generation sequencing. In vitro batch culture fermentation of faecal samples inoculated with oilseed mix for 24 h resulted in a substantial increase in enterolactone production in younger women and an increase in enterodiol in the premenopausal group. As for the gut microbiota, different baseline profiles were observed as well as different temporal dynamics, mainly related to Clostridiaceae, and Klebsiella and Collinsella spp. Despite the small sample size, our pilot study revealed that lignan-rich oilseeds could strongly influence the faecal microbiota of both younger and premenopausal females, leading to a different enterolignan profile being produced. Further studies in larger cohorts are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of lignan-rich diets on the gut microbiota and find out how enterolactone-producing bacterial species could be increased. Diets rich in lignans could potentially serve as a safe supplement of oestrogen analogues to meet the cellular needs of endogenous oestrogen and deliver numerous health benefits, provided that the premenopausal woman microbiota is capable of converting dietary precursors into enterolignans.

中文翻译:

木脂素在油料混合物中对年轻健康和绝经前妇女肠道微生物组组成和肠甘精生产的影响:一项体外试验研究

膳食木脂素与香豆素,丁苯醚和异黄酮一起属于植物雌激素类,它们本身不表现出类似雌激素的特性。尽管如此,肠道菌群仍将其转化为肠甘露聚糖,这显示出与人类雌激素分子的化学相似性。木脂素最丰富的饮食来源之一是油籽,包括亚麻籽。这项初步研究的目的是确定油料混合物中主要膳食木脂素的浓度,并探索肠道菌群依赖的肠粘菌素生产的年轻女性和绝经前女性中雌激素替代品。将含油种子混合物在接种了女性粪便样品的pH控制的分批培养系统中发酵。通过超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UHPLC-MS / MS)测量木脂素含量和肠甘露聚糖产量,并通过基于16S rRNA基因的下一代测序对粪便来源的微生物群落进行了分析。接种含油种子混合物的粪便样品的体外分批培养发酵24小时,导致年轻妇女肠内酯的产生显着增加,绝经前组的肠二醇增加。至于肠道菌群,观察到不同的基线分布以及不同的时间动态,主要与梭菌科,克雷伯菌和柯林菌属有关。尽管样本量很小,但我们的先导研究表明,富含木脂素的油料种子可以强烈影响年轻和绝经前女性的粪便微生物群,导致产生不同的肠甘露聚糖谱。需要在更大的人群中进行进一步研究,以评估富含木脂素的饮食对肠道菌群的长期影响,并发现如何增加产肠内酯的细菌种类。如果绝经前妇女菌群能够将膳食前体转化为肠甾烷,则富含木脂素的饮食可能会作为安全的雌激素类似物补充,以满足内源性雌激素的细胞需求并带来许多健康益处。
更新日期:2020-04-22
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