BACKGROUND Previously we found that a group of phosphorylated proteins (SIBLINGs) in bone binds with the Ti-device, and increases the early bone formation around the Ti-implants remarkably. From these results, we explained the biochemical mechanism of a strong bond between living bone and Ti, which was discovered by Brånemark and colleagues. For the clinical application of our findings, we need a large amount of these proteins or their substitutes. OBJECTIVE We aimed to create a new molecule that equips with essential functions of SIBLINGs, Ti-binding, and bone enhancement around the Ti implant. METHODS We chemically phosphorylated chitin and obtained a soluble form of phosphorylated chitin (P-chitin). In this solution, we immersed the Ti-devices of web-form (TW) which we previously developed and obtained the P-chitin coated TWs. Then we tested the P-chitin coated TWs for their calcification ability in vitro, and bone enhancing ability in vivo, by implanting them into rat calvaria. We compared the P-chitin coated TW and the non-coated TW in regard to their calcification and bone enhancing abilities. RESULTS Ti-devices coated with phosphorylated-chitin induced a ten times higher calcification in vitro at 20 days, and four times more elevated amount of bone formation in vivo at two weeks than the uncoated Ti-device. CONCLUSIONS Phosphorylated chitin could be a partial substitute of bone SIBLING proteins and are clinically applicable to accelerate bone formation around the Ti implants, thereby achieving the strong bond between living bone and Ti.

中文翻译：

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磷酸化的甲壳质植入钛装置植入大鼠颅骨后会增加骨形成。

背景技术以前，我们发现骨骼中的一组磷酸化蛋白（SIBLING）与Ti装置结合，并显着增加了Ti植入物周围的早期骨骼形成。根据这些结果，我们解释了Brånemark及其同事发现的活骨与Ti之间牢固结合的生物化学机制。对于我们发现的临床应用，我们需要大量的这些蛋白质或其替代物。目的我们旨在创建一种新的分子，该分子在钛植入物周围具有基本功能，包括SIBLING，Ti结合和骨骼增强。方法我们对甲壳素进行了化学磷酸化，获得了可溶形式的甲壳素（P-几丁质）。在此解决方案中，我们将先前开发的网状（TW）的Ti设备浸入水中，并获得了P-甲壳素涂层的TW。然后，我们通过将P-几丁质包被的TWs植入大鼠颅骨中，测试了它们在体外的钙化能力和体内的骨增强能力。我们比较了P-几丁质涂层的TW和未涂层的TW的钙化和骨增强能力。结果涂有磷酸化甲壳素的钛器械在20天时的体外钙化率是未涂层的钛器械的十倍，而在两周时的体内成骨量增加了四倍。结论磷酸化的几丁质可能是骨SIBLING蛋白的部分替代品，在临床上可用于加速Ti植入物周围的骨形成，从而实现活骨与Ti之间的牢固结合。通过将它们植入大鼠颅盖。我们比较了P-几丁质涂层的TW和未涂层的TW的钙化和骨增强能力。结果涂有磷酸化甲壳素的钛器械在20天时的体外钙化率是未涂层的钛器械的十倍，而在两周时的体内成骨量增加了四倍。结论磷酸化的几丁质可能是骨SIBLING蛋白的部分替代品，在临床上可用于加速Ti植入物周围的骨形成，从而实现活骨与Ti之间的牢固结合。通过将它们植入大鼠颅盖。我们比较了P-甲壳素涂层的TW和未涂层的TW的钙化和骨增强能力。结果涂有磷酸化甲壳素的钛器械在20天时的体外钙化率是未涂层的钛器械的十倍，而在两周时的体内成骨量增加了四倍。结论磷酸化的几丁质可能是骨SIBLING蛋白的部分替代品，在临床上可用于加速Ti植入物周围的骨形成，从而实现活骨与Ti之间的牢固结合。在两周内体内的骨形成量比未涂覆的钛器械高出四倍。结论磷酸化的几丁质可能是骨SIBLING蛋白的部分替代品，在临床上可用于加速Ti植入物周围的骨形成，从而实现活骨与Ti之间的牢固结合。在两周内体内的骨形成量比未涂覆的钛器械高出四倍。结论磷酸化的几丁质可能是骨SIBLING蛋白的部分替代品，在临床上可用于加速Ti植入物周围的骨形成，从而实现活骨与Ti之间的牢固结合。