Zn–Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were synthesized by a chemical method, while polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers were fabricated by an electrospinning approach; we also synthesized Zn–Al LDH/cefotaxime (cefotax), Zn–Al LDH@PVA, and Zn–Al LDH/cefotax@PVA (LCP). Characterizations were performed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis techniques, dynamic light scattering, X ray-florescence, and carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen (CHN) analyses. The adsorption isotherm of cefotax and its entrapment percentage, release, and kinetics were also investigated. The results confirmed the elemental constituents of the mentioned formulas, which exhibited different degrees of crystallinity and different morphologies. Besides, these formulas were tested in vitro as antimicrobial agents and applied in vivo against second-degree wound burns induced in rats' skin. The adsorption of cefotax occurred chemically, and the experimental data were fitted with different isotherm models, where the Freundlich and Toth models gave the best fits. The entrapment percentage in LDH/cefotax was 77.41% and in LDH/cefotax@PVA, it was 67.83%. The sustained release of cefotax from LDH and LCP was attainable; the release percentages were 89.31% and 81.55% in up to 12 h, respectively. The release kinetics of cefotax from LDH fitted well with first-order kinetics, while that for LCP was parabolic. The formulas showed uneven antimicrobial effects against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; the best effect was exhibited by Zn–Al LDH/cefotax@PVA due to its sustained release. Finally, investigating the possibility of using these formulas in the clinical setting should be considered.

中文翻译：

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头孢噻肟在层状双氢氧化物和聚乙烯醇纳米纤维之间的化学吸附和缓释以增强对二度烧伤创面感染的疗效

Zn-Al 层状双氢氧化物 (LDHs) 采用化学方法合成，而聚乙烯醇 (PVA) 纳米纤维采用静电纺丝方法制备；我们还合成了 Zn-Al LDH/cefotaxime (cefotax)、Zn-Al LDH@PVA 和 Zn-Al LDH/cefotax@PVA (LCP)。通过 X 射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、场发射扫描电子显微镜、高分辨率透射电子显微镜、能量色散 X 射线光谱、Brunauer-Emmett-Teller 分析、热重-差热分析技术、动态光进行表征散射、X 射线荧光和碳、氢和氮 (CHN) 分析。还研究了头孢噻吩的吸附等温线及其包封率、释放和动力学。结果证实了上述配方的元素组成，它们表现出不同的结晶度和不同的形态。此外，对这些公式进行了测试在体外作为抗微生物剂并在体内应用防止大鼠皮肤引起的二级伤口烧伤。头孢噻吩的吸附发生在化学上，实验数据拟合了不同的等温线模型，其中 Freundlich 和 Toth 模型给出了最佳拟合。LDH/cefotax 的包封率为 77.41%，LDH/cefotax@PVA 的包封率为 67.83%。LDH 和 LCP 的头孢噻吩缓释是可以实现的；在长达 12 小时内的释放百分比分别为 89.31% 和 81.55%。LDH的头孢噻吩释放动力学符合一级动力学，而LCP的释放动力学为抛物线。配方对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌的抗菌效果不均；Zn-Al LDH/cefotax@PVA 的缓释效果最好。最后，