We have synthesized solid-solution nanoparticles (Pd : Ru = 1 : 3, 1 : 1 and 3 : 1) in an immiscible Pd–Ru system by the pulsed plasma in liquid method using Pd–Ru mixture bulk electrodes. The particle sizes of the floated and sedimented samples were measured to be <10 and <20 nm, respectively, via high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The lattice parameters of nanoparticles followed the Vegard's law, and the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) results almost coincided with those obtained for the starting bulk mixtures. The solid-solution structures and local structure were confirmed via HR-TEM, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS).

中文翻译：

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脉冲等离子体液相法合成Pd-Ru固溶纳米粒子

我们使用 Pd-Ru 混合物体电极通过液体中的脉冲等离子体方法在不混溶的 Pd-Ru 系统中合成了固溶体纳米粒子 (Pd: Ru = 1: 3, 1: 1 和 3: 1)。通过高分辨率透射电子显微镜 (HR-TEM)测量漂浮和沉降样品的粒径分别为 <10 和 <20 nm 。纳米粒子的晶格参数遵循维加德定律，能量色散 X 射线光谱 (EDX) 结果几乎与起始散装混合物的结果一致。通过HR-TEM、X 射线光电子能谱 (XPS) 和 X 射线吸收精细结构光谱 (XAFS)证实了固溶体结构和局部结构。