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Characterization of Fatty Acids in Cereals and Oilseeds from the Republic of Serbia by Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) with Chemometrics
Analytical Letters ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-08 , DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2019.1700270
Kristian Pastor 1 , Marko Ilić 1 , Djura Vujić 1 , Djordje Jovanović 2 , Marijana Ačanski 1
Affiliation  

Abstract This study investigates the potential of fatty acid profiles of various industrial crops to discriminate them based on their botanical origin. All of the analyzed plants were grown on experimental fields at Rimski Šančevi, Republic of Serbia. Cereal samples (corn, wheat, barley, and oat) were milled into flour and lipid fractions were extracted using n-hexane. Lipid fractions of oilseed samples (rape, flax, safflower, and pumpkin) were obtained by mechanical pressing. The fatty acids present in lipid fractions, were derivatized into corresponding volatile methyl esters (FAMEs) and determined on a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry instrument (GC-MS). Peaks of eluting compounds were simultaneously identified using mass spectra libraries, giving a match quality of over 90%. The peaks of molecular ions of methyl esters of 9 dominant fatty acids were extracted, and their abundances used to create numerical matrices for further data processing. Chemometric multivariate data analysis tools—principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA), were used to extract significant variables, visualize discriminations, and classify between analyzed plant samples. The applied tools demonstrated separations of analyzed cereals in three groups: corn, oat and the samples of small grains—wheat and barley. In the case of oilseeds a clear separation between all four plant species was obtained. This work represents a new concept of the application of fatty acid analysis in developing authentication methods for industrial crops and their staple food products.

中文翻译:

通过气相色谱-质谱 (GC/MS) 和化学计量学表征来自塞尔维亚共和国的谷物和油籽中的脂肪酸

摘要 本研究调查了各种经济作物的脂肪酸谱以根据其植物来源区分它们的潜力。所有分析的植物都生长在塞尔维亚共和国 Rimski Šančevi 的试验田中。将谷物样品(玉米、小麦、大麦和燕麦)研磨成面粉,并使用正己烷提取脂质部分。通过机械压榨获得油籽样品(油菜、亚麻、红花和南瓜)的脂质部分。脂质部分中存在的脂肪酸被衍生成相应的挥发性甲酯 (FAME) 并在气相色谱/质谱仪 (GC-MS) 上进行测定。使用质谱库同时鉴定洗脱化合物的峰,匹配质量超过 90%。提取了 9 种主要脂肪酸甲酯的分子离子峰,并将其丰度用于创建用于进一步数据处理的数值矩阵。化学计量学多变量数据分析工具——主成分分析 (PCA)、聚类分析 (CA)、主坐标分析 (PCoA) 和线性判别分析 (LDA),被用于提取重要变量、可视化区分,并对分析的植物样本进行分类。所应用的工具展示了三组分析谷物的分离:玉米、燕麦和小谷物样品——小麦和大麦。在油籽的情况下,所有四种植物物种之间都得到了明确的区分。
更新日期:2019-12-08
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