Fertility preservation (FP) is a vital issue for individuals in either reproductive or prepubescent stage of life when future fertility may be compromised. The objective of any FP intervention is to minimize or eliminate primary disease burden and to ensure maintaining or preserving reproductive health. Fertility potential can be affected by cancer therapy and numerous other factors, including advancing age, metabolic conditions, autoimmune diseases, specific surgical interventions, and sex affirmation procedures. A paradigm shift focusing on quality-of-life issues and long-term survivorship has emerged, especially because of advances in cancer diagnostics and treatment. Several FP techniques have been widely distributed, while others are still in the research stage. In addition, specific procedures and some potentially fertoprotective agents are being developed, aiming to minimize the hazards of gonadal damage caused by cancer therapy and decrease the need for more costly, invasive, and time-consuming FP methods. This review highlights the advances, indications, and options for FP, both experimental and well-established, in females of various age groups. An electronic search in PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases was conducted, including retrospective studies, prospective clinical trials, meta-analyses, original reviews, and online abstracts published up to June 30, 2019. The search terms used included fertility preservation, oncofertility, embryo cryopreservation, oocyte cryopreservation, and ovarian tissue cryopreservation. The meeting proceedings of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine and the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology were also hand searched.

对于处于生殖或青春期前期的人来说，当未来的生育力可能受到损害时，生育力保存（FP）是至关重要的问题。FP干预的目的是最大程度地减少或消除原发疾病负担，并确保维持或保持生殖健康。生育能力可能会受到癌症治疗和许多其他因素的影响，包括年龄增长，代谢状况，自身免疫性疾病，特定的手术干预措施以及性别确认程序。已经出现了以生活质量问题和长期生存为重点的模式转变，特别是由于癌症诊断和治疗的进步。几种FP技术已被广泛分发，而其他FP技术仍处于研究阶段。此外，目前正在开发特定的程序和一些潜在的铁保护剂，以最大程度地减少由癌症治疗引起的性腺损害的危害，并减少对更昂贵，侵入性和耗时的FP方法的需求。这篇综述着重介绍了在不同年龄段的女性中，实验性和成熟性FP的进展，适应症和选择。在PubMed，Embase和Google Scholar数据库中进行了电子搜索，包括回顾性研究，前瞻性临床试验，荟萃分析，原始评论以及截至2019年6月30日发布的在线摘要。使用的搜索词包括 在各种年龄段的女性中，FP的适应症和选择（实验性和成熟性）。在PubMed，Embase和Google Scholar数据库中进行了电子搜索，包括回顾性研究，前瞻性临床试验，荟萃分析，原始评论以及截至2019年6月30日发布的在线摘要。使用的搜索词包括 在各种年龄段的女性中，FP的适应症和选择，包括实验性的和成熟的。在PubMed，Embase和Google Scholar数据库中进行了电子搜索，包括回顾性研究，前瞻性临床试验，荟萃分析，原始评论以及截至2019年6月30日发布的在线摘要。使用的搜索词包括生育力保留，肿瘤不孕，胚胎冷冻，卵母细胞冷冻和卵巢组织冷冻。还手动搜索了美国生殖医学学会和欧洲人类生殖与胚胎学学会的会议记录。