Abstract Superhydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) microporous membranes with micro-nano hierarchical structure were prepared by combining immersion precipitation with rolling embossing. This method was primarily consisted of semi-gelation process, rolling embossing process and water bath gelation process. The introduction of the semi-gelation process ensured the successful rolling embossing. The membranes were characterized by XRD, SEM, AFM, contact angle, pore size, porosity, N2 flux, and mechanical stability. The results indicated that the water contact angle and the sliding angle of the embossed membrane prepared under the optimal conditions were 151.2° and 5.4°, respectively. The N2 flux of the embossed membrane was higher than that of un-embossed membrane, and the micro-nano hierarchical structure had excellent mechanical stability. The synergy of mechanical properties, porosity, pore sizes and hydrophobicity made embossed membranes suitable for vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) applications. Compared with the un-embossed membrane, the embossed membrane showed better desalination performance and anti-fouling ability. The embossed membrane had a permeation flux of 24.81 kg/m2·h and a 99.9% rejection rate. Fouling was difficult to deposit on the membrane surface and was easy to clean, indicating great potential for applications in VMD. This novel method provides the possibility for the large-scale continuous preparation of superhydrophobic PVDF microporous membranes.

中文翻译：

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用于真空膜蒸馏的具有优异防污能力的超疏水PVDF微孔膜的简便制备

摘要 采用浸渍沉淀和滚压压花相结合的方法制备了具有微纳米分级结构的超疏水聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)微孔膜。该方法主要由半胶凝工艺、滚压压花工艺和水浴胶凝工艺组成。半凝胶工艺的引入确保了成功的滚压压花。通过XRD、SEM、AFM、接触角、孔径、孔隙率、N2通量和机械稳定性对膜进行表征。结果表明，最佳条件下制备的压花膜的水接触角和滑动角分别为151.2°和5.4°。压纹膜的N2通量高于未压纹膜，微纳分级结构具有优异的机械稳定性。机械性能、孔隙率、孔径和疏水性的协同作用使压纹膜适用于真空膜蒸馏 (VMD) 应用。与未压花膜相比，压花膜表现出更好的脱盐性能和抗污染能力。压花膜的渗透通量为 24.81 kg/m2·h，截留率为 99.9%。污垢难以沉积在膜表面且易于清洁，表明其在 VMD 中的应用潜力巨大。这种新方法为大规模连续制备超疏水性 PVDF 微孔膜提供了可能。压花膜表现出更好的脱盐性能和抗污染能力。压花膜的渗透通量为 24.81 kg/m2·h，截留率为 99.9%。污垢难以沉积在膜表面且易于清洁，表明其在 VMD 中的应用潜力巨大。这种新方法为大规模连续制备超疏水性 PVDF 微孔膜提供了可能。压花膜表现出更好的脱盐性能和抗污染能力。压花膜的渗透通量为 24.81 kg/m2·h，截留率为 99.9%。污垢难以沉积在膜表面且易于清洁，表明其在 VMD 中的应用潜力巨大。这种新方法为大规模连续制备超疏水性 PVDF 微孔膜提供了可能。