Abstract This study investigated essential parameters of capacitive energy extraction based on double-layer expansion (CDLE) device. The parameters, in particular, were the porous electrode pore size diameter and the operating flow rate. Understanding both parameters will help to improve the performance of the CDLE device for practical application. CDLE cycle was performed under different flow rates using three different samples with different average pore sizes. The data were analyzed based on the Gouy-Chapman-Stern (GCS) theory. It was found that higher energies were extracted with smaller average pore size, because it increases the number of transferred charges, due to the decrease in the diffusion distance of ions. Consequently, the redistribution of ions is also likely to occur and accelerates the rate of increase in the voltage. In addition, the energy extracted increases with the external voltage. Higher external voltage increases the charge transfer and reduces the differences between the voltage rise and the voltage drops during the solution exchange process. It was also found that the extracted energies in all the cycles were identical at different flow rates owing to no change in electric double layer (EDL) formation. However, as the flow rate increases, ions diffusion was accelerated, which improve power production.

中文翻译：

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多孔电极孔径和操作流速对电容式能量提取能量产生的影响

摘要 本研究研究了基于双层膨胀（CDLE）器件的电容能量提取的基本参数。参数尤其是多孔电极孔径和操作流速。了解这两个参数将有助于提高 CDLE 设备在实际应用中的性能。CDLE 循环是在不同流速下使用具有不同平均孔径的三种不同样品进行的。基于 Gouy-Chapman-Stern (GCS) 理论分析数据。发现更高的能量以更小的平均孔径被提取，因为由于离子扩散距离的减小，它增加了转移的电荷数量。因此，也可能发生离子的重新分布并加速电压的增加速度。此外，提取的能量随着外部电压的增加而增加。较高的外部电压会增加电荷转移并减少溶液交换过程中电压上升和电压下降之间的差异。还发现由于双电层 (EDL) 的形成没有变化，所有循环中提取的能量在不同的流速下是相同的。然而，随着流速的增加，离子扩散加速，从而提高了发电量。还发现由于双电层 (EDL) 的形成没有变化，所有循环中提取的能量在不同的流速下是相同的。然而，随着流速的增加，离子扩散加速，从而提高了发电量。还发现由于双电层 (EDL) 的形成没有变化，所有循环中提取的能量在不同的流速下是相同的。然而，随着流速的增加，离子扩散加速，从而提高了发电量。