Immunotherapy using checkpoint inhibitors is one of the most promising current cancer treatment strategies. However, in breast cancer, its success has been limited to a subset of patients with triple-negative disease, whose durability of observed responses remain unclear. The lack of detailed understanding of breast tumor immune evasion mechanisms and the treatment of patients with highly heterogeneous metastatic disease contribute to these disappointing results. Here we discuss the current knowledge about immune-related changes during breast tumor progression, with special emphasis on the in situ -to-invasive breast carcinoma transition that may represent a key step of immunoediting in breast cancer. Comprehensive characterization of early-stage disease and better understanding of immunologic drivers of disease progression will likely expand the tools available for immunotherapy and improve patient stratification.

中文翻译：

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乳腺肿瘤进展期间的免疫逃逸。

使用检查点抑制剂的免疫疗法是目前最有希望的癌症治疗策略之一。然而，在乳腺癌中，它的成功仅限于三阴性疾病患者的一个子集，其观察到的反应的持久性仍不清楚。缺乏对乳腺肿瘤免疫逃避机制的详细了解以及对高度异质性转移性疾病患者的治疗导致了这些令人失望的结果。在这里，我们讨论了当前关于乳腺肿瘤进展过程中免疫相关变化的知识，特别强调了原位到浸润性乳腺癌的转变，这可能代表了乳腺癌免疫编辑的关键步骤。