Migrations of diverse wildlife species often converge in space and time, with their journeys shaped by similar forces (i.e. geographic barriers and seasonal resources and conditions); we term this ‘co‐migration’. Recent studies have illuminated multi‐speciesmigrations by land and sea including the simultaneous movements of numerous insects, birds, bats and of fish invertebrates marine predators. Beyond their significance as natural wonders, species with overlapping migrations may interact ecologically, with potential effects on population and community dynamics. Direct and indirect ecological interactions (including predation and competition) between migrant species remain poorly understood, in part because migration is the least‐studied phase of animals’ annual cycles. To address this gap, we conducted a literature review to examine whether animal migration studies incorporate multiple species and to what extent they investigate interspecific interactions between co‐migrants. Following a key word search, we read all migration research papers in 23 relevant peer‐reviewed journals during 2008–2017. Thirty percent of animal migration papers reported two or more species with coinciding migrations, suggesting that co‐migrations are common, although few studies investigated or discussed these mixed‐species migrations further. Synthesizing these, we present examples and describe five types of ecological interactions between migrating species, including predator–prey, host–parasite and commensal relationships. Considering migratory animals as interacting with migrant communities will enhance understanding of the drivers of migration and could improve predictions about wildlife responses to global change. Further research focused on multi‐species migrations could also inform conservation efforts for migratory animal populations, many of which are declining or shifting, with unexplored consequences for other co‐migratory species.

中文翻译：

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“奇观奇观：”同时发生的动物迁徙和种间相互作用

各种野生动植物物种的迁徙往往在时空上交汇，其旅程受相似的力量（即地理障碍和季节性资源和条件）影响；我们称之为“共同移民”。最近的研究已经阐明了陆地和海洋的多种物种迁徙，包括许多昆虫，鸟类，蝙蝠和无脊椎动物鱼类的同时掠夺。迁移重叠的物种除了具有作为自然奇观的意义外，还可能在生态上相互作用，并对人口和社区动态产生潜在影响。人们对迁移物种之间的直接和间接生态相互作用（包括捕食和竞争）的了解仍然很少，部分原因是迁移是动物年度周期研究最少的阶段。为了弥补这一差距，我们进行了文献综述，以检查动物迁徙研究是否包含多种物种，以及它们在多大程度上调查了共同移民之间的种间相互作用。搜寻关键字后，我们在2008-2017年期间在23种相关的同行评审期刊中阅读了所有移民研究论文。30％的动物迁徙论文报道了两个或两个以上物种同时迁徙，这表明共同迁徙是很普遍的，尽管很少有研究进一步调查或讨论了这些混合物种迁徙。综合这些，我们提供了示例，并描述了迁徙物种之间的五种生态相互作用类型，包括捕食者-被捕食者，寄主-寄生物和共生关系。将迁徙动物视为与移民社区的互动将增进对移民驱动因素的了解，并可能改善关于野生动植物应对全球变化的预测。专注于多物种迁徙的进一步研究也可以为迁徙动物种群的保护工作提供信息，其中许多种群正在减少或转移，对其他共同迁徙物种产生了无法探索的后果。