Human monocytes/macrophages play a central role in the immune response and defense of the host from influenza virus infection. They classically act as antigen-presenting cells for lymphocytes in the context of an immune cell cluster. In that setting, however, monocytes/macrophages exhibit additional, unexpected, roles. They are required for influenza virus infection of the lymphocytes in the cluster, and they are responsible for lymphocyte apoptosis via their synthesis and expression of the viral neuraminidase. Surprisingly, human alveolar macrophages, expected to be among the first cells to encounter the virus, are not susceptible to direct infection by a human influenza virus but can be infected when the virus is complexed with an antibody. Such monocyte/macrophage responses to influenza virus challenge should be considered part of a very complex but quite effective defense, since the common outcome is recovery of the host with development of immunity to the challenging strain of virus.

中文翻译：

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人类单核细胞/巨噬细胞在对流感病毒的免疫应答中的不同作用和意外作用。

人单核细胞/巨噬细胞在免疫应答和宿主抵抗流感病毒感染的防御中起着核心作用。在免疫细胞簇的情况下，它们经典地充当淋巴细胞的抗原呈递细胞。然而，在那种情况下，单核细胞/巨噬细胞表现出额外的，意想不到的作用。它们是流感病毒感染簇中淋巴细胞所必需的，它们通过它们的合成和病毒神经氨酸酶的表达负责淋巴细胞凋亡。出乎意料的是，预计人类肺泡巨噬细胞将是最早接触该病毒的细胞之一，它不易被人类流感病毒直接感染，但是当病毒与抗体复合时可被感染。