Pineapple is one of the most cultivated tropical, non-climacteric fruits in the world due to its high market value and production volume. Since non-climacteric fruits do not ripen after harvest, the ripening stage at the time of harvest is an important factor that determines sensory quality and shelf life. The objective of this research was to investigate metabolite changes in the pineapple ripening process by metabolite profiling approach. Pineapple (Queen variety) samples from Indonesia were subjected to GC-MS analysis. A total of 56, 47, and 54 metabolites were annotated from the crown, flesh, and peel parts, respectively. From the principal component analysis (PCA) plot, separation of samples based on ripening stages from C0–C2 (early ripening stages) and C3–C4 (late ripening stages) was observed for flesh and peel parts, whereas no clear separation was seen for the crown part. Furthermore, orthogonal projection to latent structures (OPLS) analysis suggested metabolites that were associated with the ripening stages in flesh and peel parts of pineapple. This study indicated potentially important metabolites that are correlated to the ripening of pineapple that would provide a basis for further study on pineapple ripening process.

中文翻译：

---

基于GC-MS的代谢物分析可监测菠萝（Ananas comosus）中特定于成熟的代谢物。

菠萝由于其高市场价值和高产量而成为世界上种植最丰富的热带，非更年期水果之一。由于非更年期水果在收获后不会成熟，因此收获时的成熟阶段是决定感官品质和保质期的重要因素。这项研究的目的是通过代谢物分析方法研究菠萝成熟过程中的代谢物变化。对来自印度尼西亚的菠萝（皇后品种）样品进行了GC-MS分析。分别从冠部，果肉和果皮部分注释了总共56种，47种和54种代谢物。从主成分分析（PCA）图中，观察到基于果皮和果皮部分的熟化阶段从C0–C2（早期熟化阶段）和C3–C4（后期熟化阶段）分离样品，冠部没有明显的分离。此外，对潜在结构的正交投影（OPLS）分析表明，代谢物与菠萝的果肉和果皮部分的成熟阶段有关。这项研究表明与菠萝成熟相关的潜在重要代谢物，将为进一步研究菠萝成熟过程提供基础。