To date, cancer phototherapy remains as an unsatisfactory method of cancer treatment due to the high probability of cancer recurrence - an effect that is partly driven by tumor-driven immunosuppression. Therefore, we propose inducing adequate immune responses after photo tumor ablation may be critical to achieve a long term therapeutic effect of phototherapy. Here, we engineered the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) and the time-honored immunoadjuvant aluminum hydroxide into bovine serum albumin by albumin-based biomineralization as a novel nanosystem (Al-BSA-Ce6 NPs). After intravenous injection, the nanoparticles not only destroyed tumor cells effectively but also protected animals against tumor rechallenge and metastasis by strongly inducing a systemic anti-tumor immune response. Subsequent analysis demonstrated T cells accumulated in lymph nodes and infiltrated the tumor site, elevating levels of immune indicators including serum antibody, cytokine level and higher proportions of cytotoxic T cells and Th1 cells. These protective effects were not observed with commercially available alumina gels, or when the aluminum hydroxide in the nanoparticles was replaced with ferric hydroxide. Therefore, we present Al-BSA-Ce6 NPs as a novel and unique system for alumina adjuvants that serves as an effective approach for cancer therapy.

中文翻译：

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白蛋白生物矿化的纳米颗粒可协同针对黑色素瘤的光疗和免疫疗法。

迄今为止，由于癌症复发的可能性很高，因此癌症光疗仍然是一种不能令人满意的癌症治疗方法，这种作用部分是由肿瘤驱动的免疫抑制驱动的。因此，我们建议在光肿瘤消融后诱导足够的免疫反应对于实现光疗的长期治疗效果可能至关重要。在这里，我们通过基于白蛋白的生物矿化技术将光敏剂二氢卟酚e6（Ce6）和具有悠久历史的免疫佐剂氢氧化铝工程化为牛血清白蛋白，作为一种新型纳米系统（Al-BSA-Ce6 NPs）。静脉注射后，纳米颗粒不仅有效地破坏了肿瘤细胞，而且还通过强烈诱导全身性抗肿瘤免疫反应，保护动物免受肿瘤的侵袭和转移。随后的分析表明，T细胞积聚在淋巴结中并浸润到肿瘤部位，从而提高了免疫指标的水平，包括血清抗体，细胞因子水平以及更高比例的细胞毒性T细胞和Th1细胞。用市售的氧化铝凝胶，或用氢氧化铁代替纳米颗粒中的氢氧化铝时，未观察到这些保护作用。因此，我们提出Al-BSA-Ce6 NPs作为氧化铝佐剂的一种新颖而独特的系统，可作为一种有效的癌症治疗方法。或者当纳米颗粒中的氢氧化铝被氢氧化铁代替时。因此，我们提出Al-BSA-Ce6 NPs作为氧化铝佐剂的一种新颖而独特的系统，可作为一种有效的癌症治疗方法。或者当纳米颗粒中的氢氧化铝被氢氧化铁代替时。因此，我们提出Al-BSA-Ce6 NPs作为氧化铝佐剂的一种新颖而独特的系统，可作为一种有效的癌症治疗方法。