Abstract Global conservation policy requires the scaling up of effectively and equitably managed networks of marine protected areas (MPAs). While progress has been made on spatial coverage, the fundamental aspects of effectiveness and equity are falling short. Past research has focused on management effectiveness in MPAs, but less attention has been given to social equity though it is an ethical imperative and instrumental to conservation. This study assessed the perceptions of SSF regarding recognitional, procedural and distributional dimensions of social equity using quantitative surveys in 11 MPAs across 6 countries on the Mediterranean Sea. To do so, we developed individual indicators from which we created composite scores for recognitional, procedural, and distributional equity, and a combined social equity score. Overall, descriptive results showed that SSF perceptions of social equity were quite varied but slightly skewed towards positive perceptions. Then, we developed predictive models to analyze the effects of geographic (i.e., MPA and country) and individual (i.e., SSF demographics and characteristics) factors on the composite social equity scores. All social equity scores differed significantly between MPAs. Being an older fisher was associated with a decrease in recognitional equity, while having a higher level of relative wealth or more diversified livelihoods was associated with higher scores for distributional equity. These results point to the need for tailored management actions to improve equity in different MPA sites and for different groups. This paper presents a novel quantitative method for using stakeholder perceptions to examine social equity that might be applied to marine and terrestrial conservation initiatives elsewhere.

中文翻译：

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社会公平和海洋保护区：地中海小规模渔民的看法

摘要 全球保护政策需要扩大有效和公平管理的海洋保护区 (MPA) 网络。虽然在空间覆盖方面取得了进展，但有效性和公平性的基本方面却不足。过去的研究集中在海洋保护区的管理有效性上，但对社会公平的关注较少，尽管它是道德上的必要条件并且有助于保护。本研究使用对地中海 6 个国家的 11 个海洋保护区的定量调查，评估了 SSF 对社会公平的认可、程序和分配维度的看法。为此，我们开发了单独的指标，从中我们创建了认可、程序和分配公平的综合分数，以及综合的社会公平分数。全面的，描述性结果表明，SSF 对社会公平的看法各不相同，但略微偏向于积极的看法。然后，我们开发了预测模型来分析地理（即 MPA 和国家）和个人（即 SSF 人口统计和特征）因素对综合社会公平分数的影响。MPA 之间的所有社会公平得分都存在显着差异。年龄较大的渔民与公认的公平性下降有关，而拥有更高水平的相对财富或更多样化的生计与更高的分配公平性得分相关。这些结果表明需要有针对性的管理行动来改善不同 MPA 站点和不同群体的公平性。