Conducting polymers are promising material candidates in diverse applications including energy storage, flexible electronics, and bioelectronics. However, the fabrication of conducting polymers has mostly relied on conventional approaches such as ink-jet printing, screen printing, and electron-beam lithography, whose limitations have hampered rapid innovations and broad applications of conducting polymers. Here we introduce a high-performance 3D printable conducting polymer ink based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) for 3D printing of conducting polymers. The resultant superior printability enables facile fabrication of conducting polymers into high resolution and high aspect ratio microstructures, which can be integrated with other materials such as insulating elastomers via multi-material 3D printing. The 3D-printed conducting polymers can also be converted into highly conductive and soft hydrogel microstructures. We further demonstrate fast and streamlined fabrications of various conducting polymer devices, such as a soft neural probe capable of in vivo single-unit recording.

导电聚合物在包括储能，柔性电子和生物电子在内的各种应用中是有希望的材料候选者。然而，导电聚合物的制造主要依赖于常规方法，例如喷墨印刷，丝网印刷和电子束光刻，其局限性阻碍了导电聚合物的快速创新和广泛应用。在这里，我们介绍一种基于聚（3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩）：聚苯乙烯磺酸盐（PEDOT：PSS）的高性能3D可印刷导电聚合物油墨，用于3D印刷导电聚合物。所产生的优异可印刷性使得能够将导电聚合物轻松制造成高分辨率和高纵横比的微结构，该微结构可以通过多材料3D打印与其他材料（例如绝缘弹性体）集成在一起。3D打印的导电聚合物也可以转化为高导电性和柔软的水凝胶微结构。我们进一步展示了各种导电聚合物设备的快速流线型制造，例如能够在体内进行单单元记录的软神经探针。