Synthesis of carbon spheres and their composite [email protected] was accomplished by the hydrothermal method. The composite [email protected] was stabilized by the ionic liquid, 1-decyl 3-methyl imidazolium boron tetrafluoride (DMIM BF₄) to yield ([email protected]). The Fourier Transform Infrared(FT-IR) spectra approved the formation of composites. The powder XRD patterns of the composites matched with JCPDS files. Examination of morphological characteristics of [email protected] by scanning electron microscopy/high-resolution scanning electron microscopy(SEM/HR-SEM), transmission electron microscopy/high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(TEM/HR-TEM) revealed spherical nanoparticles of about 30–40 nm size embedded on carbon spheres of 1.2–1.6 μm. Upon addition of ionic liquid, the composite appears to be wrapped in it. Energy-dispersive X-ray(EDX) analysis associated with SEM exhibited the presence of additional elements of ionic liquid, fluorine and nitrogen, besides silver and carbon in [email protected] confirming its formation. The binding energy data obtained from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) corroborated the formation of [email protected] Triboactivity of the carbon nanospheres and the composites were assessed in base lube PEG-200 at 0.5% w/v concentration on a four-ball tester under ASTM D4172 and ASTM D5183 conditions. Based on tribological data namely coefficient of friction(COF), mean wear scar diameter(MWD), load-carrying capacity and loss of frictional power, the relative order of activity of different additives could be established as:$\mathrm{IL}-\mathrm{Ag}@\mathrm{C}>\mathrm{Ag}@\mathrm{C}>\mathrm{IL}>\mathrm{C}\text{spheres}>\mathrm{PEG}-200$

The above order was authenticated by morphological studies of the wear scar by SEM and AFM(Atomic Force Microscopy) techniques. The EDX analysis of the wear scar surface lubricated with [email protected] showed iron also in addition to the constituent elements of the composite. Thus, active participation of the adsorbed additive towards tribofilm formation is validated. The XPS studies of the same surface, further confirm the presence of boron nitride, boron carbide along with iron oxide. These boron compounds have, indeed, enriched the tribofilm for improved triboactivity.

碳球及其复合物的合成[受电子邮件保护]是通过水热法完成的。[离子保护的]复合材料通过离子液体1-癸基3-甲基咪唑鎓四氟化硼（DMIM BF ₄）以产生（[受电子邮件保护]）。傅立叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）批准了复合材料的形成。复合材料的粉末XRD图案与JCPDS文件匹配。通过扫描电子显微镜/高分辨率扫描电子显微镜（SEM / HR-SEM），透射电子显微镜/高分辨率透射电子显微镜（TEM / HR-TEM）检查[电子邮件保护的]形态特征。 30–40 nm尺寸嵌入在1.2–1.6μm的碳球上。加入离子液体后，复合物似乎被包裹在其中。与SEM相关的能量色散X射线（EDX）分析显示，除了[电子邮件保护]中的银和碳之外，还存在离子液体，氟和氮的其他元素，从而证实了其形成。在ASTM D4172和ASTM D5183条件下在四球测试仪上进行w / v浓度测试。根据摩擦学数据，即摩擦系数（COF），平均磨痕直径（MWD），承载能力和摩擦力损失，可以将不同添加剂的相对活性等级确定为：$\mathrm{白介素}-银@\mathrm{C}>银@\mathrm{C}>\mathrm{白介素}>\mathrm{C}\text{领域}>\mathrm{聚乙二醇}-200$

通过SEM和AFM（原子力显微镜）技术对磨损痕迹的形态学研究证实了上述顺序。用[电子邮件保护]润滑的磨损痕迹表面的EDX分析表明，除了复合材料的组成元素外，还含有铁。因此，证实了吸附添加剂对摩擦膜形成的积极参与。对同一表面的XPS研究进一步证实了氮化硼，碳化硼和氧化铁的存在。这些硼化合物确实富集了摩擦膜，从而改善了摩擦活性。