This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the 20-item Japanese version of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire for Children (DEBQ-C). A population-based sample of 502 Japanese school children who were fifth- and sixth-graders in elementary schools and first and second graders in junior high schools was assessed. A sample was randomly split into two subsamples, one for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and another for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Internal consistency estimates for subscales (restrained, emotional, and external) were evaluated using Cronbach's alpha. Measurement invariance was examined across each subgroup (genders: boys and girls, school categories: elementary school and junior high school, body mass index (BMI) categories: underweight, normal weight, and overweight) by using multi-group CFA. The Japanese version of the DEBQ-C demonstrates good results of item analysis. The three-factor structure of the original DEBQ-C was supported by both EFA and CFA. The reliability of each factor was also satisfied (restrained: α = 0.86, emotional: α = 0.90, external: α = 0.86). Results of multi-group confirmatory factor analysis supported its metric and scalar or partial scalar measurement invariance across all subgroups. In gender subgroup, girls scored higher on restrained eating. In school subgroup, junior high school children scored higher on emotional and external eating. In BMI subgroup, overweight children scored higher on restrained eating. These findings suggest that the Japanese version of the DEBQ-C is a psychometrically valid and reliable instrument for assessing eating behaviors across gender, school categories, and BMI categories in Japanese children.

中文翻译：

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日版荷兰儿童饮食行为问卷的心理测量特性

本研究旨在评估荷兰儿童饮食行为问卷 (DEBQ-C) 日文版 20 项的心理测量特性。对 502 名小学五年级和六年级学生以及初中一年级和二年级学生的 502 名日本学童的人口样本进行了评估。一个样本被随机分成两个子样本，一个用于探索性因子分析（EFA），另一个用于验证性因子分析（CFA）。使用 Cronbach's alpha 评估子量表（内敛、情绪化和外部）的内部一致性估计。使用多组 CFA 检查每个亚组（性别：男孩和女孩，学校类别：小学和初中，体重指数 (BMI) 类别：体重不足、正常体重和超重）的测量不变性。日文版的 DEBQ-C 展示了良好的项目分析结果。EFA 和 CFA 都支持原始 DEBQ-C 的三因子结构。各因素的信度也得到满足（内敛：α=0.86，情感：α=0.90，外在：α=0.86）。多组验证性因素分析的结果支持其跨所有子组的度量和标量或部分标量测量的不变性。在性别亚组中，女孩在节制饮食方面得分更高。在学校亚组中，初中儿童在情绪和外食方面得分更高。在 BMI 亚组中，超重儿童在节制饮食方面得分更高。这些发现表明，日文版的 DEBQ-C 是一种心理测量学有效且可靠的工具，可用于评估跨性别、学校类别、