Antibiotics are extensively employed for preventive and curative purposes in animals. Their accumulation in human body through food chain may induce serious health hazards. Therefore, the development of sensitive and specific methods for simple and rapid screening of antibiotics in animal-derived foods is highly desirable. Currently, the most commonly used detection methods are based on chromatographic techniques including HPLC and LC-MS/MS and immunological methods such as enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). Although these methods are sensitive enough, they are time consuming and require skilled personnel and expensive equipment. Biosensors are emerging analytical tools for simple, on-site, low cost, specific and sensitive detection of antibiotics. The present review highlights new achievements in the development of biosensors relying on different types of nanomaterials and biorecognition elements that have been commonly used in the fabrication of these biosensors. Present challenges and future perspectives are discussed well.

抗生素广泛用于动物的预防和治疗目的。它们通过食物链在人体中的积累可能引起严重的健康危害。因此，迫切需要开发一种灵敏而特异的方法来简单快速地筛选动物源性食品中的抗生素。当前，最常用的检测方法是基于色谱技术，包括HPLC和LC-MS / MS，以及免疫学方法，例如酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）。尽管这些方法足够灵敏，但它们很耗时，并且需要熟练的人员和昂贵的设备。生物传感器是新兴的分析工具，可用于简单，现场，低成本，特异性和灵敏地检测抗生素。本综述着重介绍了依靠不同类型的纳米材料和生物识别元件开发生物传感器的新成就，这些纳米材料和生物识别元件通常用于制造这些生物传感器。当前的挑战和未来的观点进行了很好的讨论。