Flooding is expected to increase due to climate change, population growth and urban development. The longer-term mental health impacts of flooding are not well understood. In 2015, the English National Study of Flooding and Health was established to improve understanding of the impact of flooding on health and inform future public health action. We used 3 years of data from the English National Study of Flooding and Health. Participants who had consented to follow up were sent a questionnaire. Participants were classified into either “unaffected”, “disrupted” or “flooded” according to their exposure. Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios for probable depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in each exposure group. The Wald test was used to assess the difference in probable mental health outcomes for those who did and did not experience “persistent damage” to their home. Conditional logistic regression was conducted to assess change in prevalence over the 3 years and to identify possible determinants of recovery. Eight hundred nineteen individuals were included in the final analysis – 119 were classified as unaffected, 421 disrupted and 279 flooded. Overall, 5.7% had probable depression, 8.1% had probable anxiety and 11.8% had probable PTSD, with higher prevalence in the flooded group compared with the unaffected group. After adjustment for potential confounders, probable mental health outcomes were higher in the flooded group compared to the unaffected group, significantly for probable depression (aOR 8.48, 95% CI 1.04–68.97) and PTSD (aOR 7.74, 95% CI 2.24–26.79). Seventy-seven (9.4%) participants reported experiencing persistent damage to their home, most commonly damp (n = 40) and visible mould (n = 26) in liveable rooms. Of the 569 participants who responded at all 3 years, a significant reduction in prevalence for all probable mental health outcomes was observed in the flooded group. Flooding can have severe long-lasting consequences on mental health in affected populations. If these problems are not identified and treated early, they may persist for years. Further research is necessary to develop and evaluate interventions to increase resilience in at risk populations and to ensure timely access to support services following flooding.

中文翻译：

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英国国家洪水与健康队列研究：三年随访中的心理发病率。

由于气候变化，人口增长和城市发展，预计洪水将增加。人们对洪水对心理健康的长期影响尚不十分了解。2015年，建立了《英国国家洪水与健康研究》，以增进人们对洪水对健康的影响的了解，并为未来的公共卫生行动提供信息。我们使用了来自英国国家洪水与健康研究的3年数据。向同意随访的参与者发送了问卷。根据参加者的暴露程度，他们分为“未受影响”，“受干扰”或“淹没”。使用Logistic回归模型计算每个暴露组中可能的抑郁，焦虑和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的校正比值比。Wald检验用于评估那些经历过和没有经历过“持续性伤害”房屋的人的心理健康结局的差异。进行了条件logistic回归以评估3年中患病率的变化并确定可能的恢复因素。最终分析中包括819个个体，其中119个被归为未受影响，421个被破坏和279个被淹。总体而言，与未患病组相比，淹水组患病率可能为5.7％，可能焦虑症的发生率为8.1％，可能的PTSD为11.8％。在对潜在的混杂因素进行调整后，与未患病组相比，淹没组的可能的心理健康结果更高，对于可能的抑郁症（aOR 8.48，95％CI 1.04–68.97）和PTSD（aOR 7.74，95％CI 2）显着。24–26.79）。77名（9.4％）参与者报告说，他们的房屋遭受了持续性破坏，最常见的是在宜居房间中潮湿（n = 40）和可见霉菌（n = 26）。在全部3年中均回答的569名参与者中，在淹没组中观察到所有可能的心理健康结果的患病率显着降低。洪水对受影响人群的心理健康可能造成严重的长期后果。如果不及早发现和解决这些问题，它们可能会持续数年。有必要进行进一步的研究，以开发和评估干预措施，以提高高风险人群的抵御能力，并确保洪水后及时获得支持服务。在宜居的房间中最常见的是潮湿（n = 40）和可见霉菌（n = 26）。在全部3年中均回答的569名参与者中，在淹没组中观察到所有可能的心理健康结果的患病率显着降低。洪水对受影响人群的心理健康可能造成严重的长期后果。如果不及早发现和解决这些问题，它们可能会持续数年。有必要进行进一步的研究，以开发和评估干预措施，以提高高风险人群的抵御能力，并确保洪水后及时获得支持服务。在宜居的房间中最常见的是潮湿（n = 40）和可见霉菌（n = 26）。在全部3年中都回答的569名参与者中，在淹没组中观察到所有可能的心理健康结果的患病率大大降低。洪水对受影响人群的心理健康可能造成严重的长期后果。如果不及早发现和解决这些问题，它们可能会持续数年。有必要进行进一步的研究，以开发和评估干预措施，以提高高风险人群的抵御能力，并确保洪水后及时获得支持服务。洪水对受影响人群的心理健康可能造成严重的长期后果。如果不及早发现和解决这些问题，它们可能会持续数年。有必要进行进一步的研究，以开发和评估干预措施，以提高高风险人群的抵御能力，并确保洪水后及时获得支持服务。洪水对受影响人群的心理健康可能造成严重的长期后果。如果不及早发现并解决这些问题，它们可能会持续数年。有必要进行进一步的研究，以开发和评估干预措施，以提高高风险人群的抵御能力，并确保洪水后及时获得支持服务。