Studies have shown that terrorist attacks affect the mental and physical health of persons exposed to terrorism. When terror strikes at the workplace where people spend much time, and should feel safe, the health consequences for those affected might be severe. The aim of the study was to determine whether psychological and social work factors moderates effects of exposure to a workplace terrorist attack on subsequent doctor-certified sickness absence. The study design combined survey data with register data on sickness absence. Data on exposure to the attack, and psychosocial working conditions were collected by a web-based questionnaire 10 months after the attack. Survey data was linked to registry data on doctor-certified sickness absence over the one-year time period following baseline. The survey response rate was 56% (n = 1974), where 80.6% (1591) gave consent to link survey data to data on sickness absence. Exposure to the attack was assessed as “Directly-”, or “Indirectly exposed”. Psychological and social work factors were measured by the General Questionnaire for Psychological and Social factors at Work (QPSNordic). Data were analyzed with negative binominal hurdle regressions. Direct exposure to the attack increased the odds of becoming sick-listed if role clarity was average (OR = 1.50) or high (OR = 2.13), but not if low (OR = 1.17). Direct exposure was associated with higher sickness absence rates if control over work pace was low (RR = 1.61). Role conflict, support from co-workers, and -superior showed weaker evidence of moderating effects of exposure on sickness absence. Exposure to the bomb explosion, as well as psychosocial working conditions affect the risk of employee sickness absence. Psychosocial working conditions seems to moderate effects of exposure to workplace terrorism on subsequent sickness absence. Organizations would benefit from striving for good psychological and social working conditions both as preventions against illness and sickness absence, and as measures in the aftermath of a workplace terrorist attack.

中文翻译：

---

暴露于工作场所恐怖主义对随后的医生证明的疾病缺席的影响以及心理和社会工作因素的调节作用：一项联合调查和注册研究。

研究表明，恐怖袭击影响了遭受恐怖主义袭击者的身心健康。当恐怖袭击在人们度过很多时间并且应该感到安全的工作场所时，对受影响者的健康后果可能会很严重。该研究的目的是确定心理和社会工作因素是否减轻了因工作场所恐怖袭击而造成的随后医生证明的疾病缺席的影响。该研究设计将调查数据与疾病缺席的登记数据结合在一起。攻击发生10个月后，通过基于网络的调查表收集了有关遭受攻击的数据以及社会心理工作条件。在基线之后的一年时间内，将调查数据与有关医生证明的疾病缺席的注册表数据相关联。调查答复率为56％（n = 1974），其中80。6％（1591）同意将调查数据与疾病缺席数据相关联。遭受攻击的程度被评估为“直接暴露”或“间接暴露”。心理和社会工作因素是通过工作中心理和社会因素综合调查表（QPSNordic）来衡量的。用负二项式障碍回归分析数据。如果角色清楚度为平均（OR = 1.50）或较高（OR = 2.13），则直接暴露在攻击中的可能性增加了被列入病假的可能性，但如果角色的清晰度较低（OR = 1.17），则没有这种可能性。如果对工作节奏的控制较低（RR = 1.61），则直接暴露与较高的疾病缺席率相关。角色冲突，同事的支持和优异的表现表明，暴露不足对疾病缺席的调节作用较弱。暴露在炸弹爆炸中 以及社会心理工作条件会影响员工患病的风险。社会心理工作条件似乎减轻了因工作场所恐怖主义而引起的疾病继发。争取良好的心理和社会工作条件将使组织受益，这既可以预防疾病和疾病，也可以作为工作场所恐怖袭击后的措施。