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The contribution of small-scale food production in urban areas to the sustainable development goals: a review and case study
Sustainability Science ( IF 6 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-28 , DOI: 10.1007/s11625-020-00792-z
Elizabeth Nicholls , Adrian Ely , Linda Birkin , Parthiba Basu , Dave Goulson

Food production depends upon the adequate provision of underpinning ecosystem services, such as pollination. Paradoxically, conventional farming practices are undermining these services and resulting in degraded soils, polluted waters, greenhouse gas emissions and massive loss of biodiversity including declines in pollinators. In essence, farming is undermining the ecosystem services it relies upon. Finding alternative more sustainable ways to meet growing food demands which simultaneously support biodiversity is one of the biggest challenges facing humanity. Here, we review the potential of urban and peri-urban agriculture to contribute to sustainable food production, using the 17 sustainable development goals set by the United Nations General Assembly as a framework. We present new data from a case study of urban gardens and allotments in the city of Brighton and Hove, UK. Such urban and peri-urban landholdings tend to be small and labour-intensive, characterised by a high diversity of crops including perennials and annuals. Our data demonstrate that this type of agricultural system can be highly productive and that it has environmental and social advantages over industrial agriculture in that crops are usually produced using few synthetic inputs and are destined for local consumption. Overall, we conclude that food grown on small-scale areas in and near cities is making a significant contribution to feeding the world and that this type of agriculture is likely to be relatively favourable for some ecosystem services, such as supporting healthy soils. However, major knowledge gaps remain, for example with regard to productivity, economic and employment impacts, pesticide use and the implications for biodiversity.



中文翻译:

城市地区小规模粮食生产对可持续发展目标的贡献:回顾和案例研究

粮食生产取决于充分提供诸如授粉之类的基础生态系统服务。矛盾的是,传统的耕作方式正在破坏这些服务,并导致土壤退化,水污染,温室气体排放以及生物多样性的大量丧失,包括传粉媒介的减少。本质上,农业正在破坏其依赖的生态系统服务。寻找替代的,更具可持续性的方式来满足不断增长的粮食需求,同时支持生物多样性,这是人类面临的最大挑战之一。在此,我们以联合国大会设定的17个可持续发展目标为框架,回顾城市和城郊农业对可持续粮食生产做出贡献的潜力。我们提供了来自英国布莱顿和霍夫市城市花园和配给量案例研究的新数据。这种城市和城市周边的土地面积较小,劳动强度大,特点是包括多年生植物和一年生植物在内的农作物种类繁多。我们的数据表明,这种农业系统可以具有很高的生产力,并且与工业农业相比具有环境和社会优势,因为农作物通常仅使用很少的合成投入物生产,并且注定要供当地消费。总的来说,我们得出的结论是,在城市及其附近小规模地区种植的粮食为世界粮食做出了重要贡献,而这种农业可能对某些生态系统服务(例如支持健康的土壤)相对有利。但是,主要的知识差距仍然存在,

更新日期:2020-03-28
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