In this study, a new polysaccharide (CSMP, Mw = 16,685 Da) was isolated and purified from Cephalosporium sinensis mycelia. Monosaccharide composition analysis indicated that CSMP consists of mannose, glucose and galactose. A detailed structural analysis revealed that CSMP has a backbone consisting of →2,6)-β-D-Manp-(1→ and →3,6)-β-D-Manp-(1→, as well as two branched chains including of α-D-Manp-(1→6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ and α-D-Glcp-(1→4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→3)-β-D-Galp-(1→2)-β-D-Manp-(1→ attached to C6 of →2,6)-β-D-Manp-(1→ and →3,6)-β-D-Manp-(1→. Orally administrated CSMP showed renal protection function in adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) rats. Further analysis demonstrated that CSMP increased relative abundance of the genera Lactobacillus group, Clostridium coccoides group and Bifidobacterium, and decreased Echerichia subgroup. CSMP increased acetate, propionate and butyrate levels both in colon and cecum. The mechanisms behind these effects could be related to the down-regulation nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) level by up-regulating expression of G protein-coupled receptor 41 (GPR41) and improvement regulatory T cells (Tregs) ratio by inhibiting histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. These results indicated that CSMP could be developed as one of the potential drugs in the treatment of CKD.

中文翻译：

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中华头孢菌丝体多糖的分离，结构表征及其在腺嘌呤诱发的CKD大鼠中的抗肾功能。

在这项研究中，从中华头孢菌丝菌丝体中分离纯化了一种新的多糖（CSMP，Mw = 16,685 Da）。单糖组成分析表明，CSMP由甘露糖，葡萄糖和半乳糖组成。详细的结构分析表明，CSMP的骨架由→2,6）-β-D-Manp-（1→和→3,6）-β-D-Manp-（1→）以及两条分支链组成包括α-D-Manp-（1→6）-α-D-Glcp-（1→和α-D-Glcp-（1→4）-α-D-Glcp-（1→3）-β- D-Galp-（1→2）-β-D-Manp-（1→附着于→2,6）-β-D-Manp-（1→和→3,6）-β-D-Manp的C6 -（1→..口服CSMP在腺嘌呤诱发的慢性肾脏病（CKD）大鼠中显示出肾脏保护功能，进一步的分析表明CSMP增加了乳杆菌属，球孢梭菌和双歧杆菌属的相对丰度，而降低了埃希氏菌亚组。CSMP增加结肠和盲肠中的乙酸盐，丙酸盐和丁酸盐水平。这些作用背后的机制可能与上调G蛋白偶联受体41（GPR41）的表达和下调抑制性T细胞（Tregs）的比例有关，从而下调了核因子kappa-B（NF-κB）的水平。组蛋白脱乙酰基酶（HDAC）活性。这些结果表明CSMP可以作为治疗CKD的潜在药物之一。