The uptake of Cd by crops from soils is predominantly determined by the concentration and speciation of Cd in soil solution, which is controlled by soil physicochemical properties such as soil pH, soil minerals and organic matter, etc. Water management significantly affects soil pH, and especially soil pH is driven to be neutral under continuous flooding treatment. In the present study, the multi-surface models (MSMs) were modified to determine Cd partitioning in soils for prediction of Cd uptake by rice grain, with multiple parameter or setup changes including: (1) soil pH was considered as variables to improve the accuracy of model prediction for paddy soils; (2) practical co-existing cation concentration and ionic strength were derived from electron conductivity to improve the universality of model. Our results suggested that the modified MSMs model provided a better prediction for the actual uptake by rice grain and a more consistent Cd distribution pattern in paddy soils.

中文翻译：

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利用多表面模型预测水稻（水稻）中水稻吸收Cd。

作物从土壤中吸收Cd主要取决于土壤溶液中Cd的浓度和形态，这受土壤理化特性（例如土壤pH，土壤矿物质和有机质等）控制。水管理会显着影响土壤pH，以及尤其是在连续驱水处理下，土壤的pH值趋于中性。在本研究中，对多表面模型（MSMs）进行了修改，以确定土壤中Cd的分配，以预测稻谷对Cd的吸收，并具有以下多个参数或设置变化：（1）土壤pH被认为是改善土壤中Cd的变量。水稻土模型预测的准确性；（2）从电子电导率中得出实用的共存阳离子浓度和离子强度，以提高模型的通用性。