Abstract To control the nucleation and growth of monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystals, we studied the reactive crystallization of MSU from simulated synovial fluid using the gas–liquid interfaces around N2 fine bubbles as novel crystallization fields. In the regions near the gas–liquid interfaces, local supersaturation is generated because of the accumulation of Na+ resulting from the negative electric charge on the fine bubble surface. Hence, the micronization of MSU crystals is expected to occur via growth suppression through the enhancement of nucleation. N2 fine bubbles were continuously supplied to the simulated synovial fluid with 140 mmol/L-Na+ and 3.6 mmol/L-uric acid using a pressurized dissolution-type fine bubble generator. The injection time of the N2 fine bubbles was varied within 60 min to control the volume density of the fine bubbles. The simulated synovial fluid containing N2 fine bubbles was sampled and sealed on a microscope slide, and the reactive crystallization of MSU was performed by standing operation. When the volume density of fine bubbles was increased, the crystal growth was suppressed because of the increasing effective nuclei number and the decreasing consumption of supersaturation for crystal growth caused by the acceleration of nucleation, which led to the generation of numerous fine crystals of needle-shaped MSU.

中文翻译：

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用 N2 细泡注射从模拟滑液中反应结晶一水尿酸钠的成核和晶体生长

摘要 为了控制单水合尿酸钠 (MSU) 晶体的成核和生长，我们使用 N2 细气泡周围的气液界面作为新的结晶场，研究了模拟滑液中 MSU 的反应结晶。在靠近气液界面的区域，由于细气泡表面的负电荷导致 Na+ 的积累，产生了局部过饱和。因此，预计 MSU 晶体的微粉化是通过增强成核抑制生长而发生的。使用加压溶解型细泡发生器将 N2 细泡连续供应到模拟滑液中，其中含有 140 mmol/L-Na+ 和 3.6 mmol/L-尿酸。N2 细气泡的注入时间在 60 分钟内变化，以控制细气泡的体积密度。在显微镜载玻片上取样并密封含有N2细气泡的模拟滑液，静置操作进行MSU的反应结晶。当细气泡的体积密度增加时，由于有效核数增加和晶核加速引起的晶体生长过饱和度消耗减少，晶体生长受到抑制，导致产生大量针状细晶。形状的 MSU。