Abstract In the present work, locally available clay has been utilized to develop cost effective catalyst for biodiesel production from low cost feedstock. The selected clay was modified with different concentrations (5 wt%, 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt% and 40 wt %) of 12-tungstophosphoric acid (TPA) to enhance the capability of the selected clay in biodiesel production from spent frying oil. The synthesized catalyst was characterized with different analytical techniques to evaluate its physiochemical properties. The result suggested that the catalyst containing 10 wt% 12-tungstophosphoric acid (TPA) loading exhibited good trans-esterification activity to produce maximum biodiesel yield of 96% under the best reaction conditions: oil/methanol molar ratio, 1:10; catalyst amount, 0.7 g; reaction time, 4.5 h and reaction temperature, 85 °C. Moreover, the catalytic reusability of the synthesized catalyst was investigated to study its economic viability. The results suggested that the synthesized catalyst could be reused up to 6 times for biodiesel production without any high temperature treatment. Thus, the selected clay has the potential to be used as a starting material to develop an efficient catalyst for biodiesel production from low cost feedstock.

中文翻译：

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未加工和 12-钨磷酸改性粘土催化废煎炸油转化为生物柴油

摘要 在目前的工作中，当地可用的粘土已被用于开发具有成本效益的催化剂，用于从低成本原料生产生物柴油。用不同浓度（5wt%、10wt%、20wt%、30wt%和40wt%）的12-钨磷酸（TPA）对所选粘土进行改性，以提高所选粘土在从废旧生物柴油生产中的能力。煎炸油。合成的催化剂用不同的分析技术表征以评估其理化性质。结果表明，含10 wt% 12-钨磷酸（TPA）负载量的催化剂表现出良好的酯交换活性，在最佳反应条件下生物柴油产率最高可达96%：油/甲醇摩尔比为1:10；催化剂量，0.7g；反应时间 4.5 小时，反应温度 85 °C。而且，研究了合成催化剂的催化重复使用性，以研究其经济可行性。结果表明，合成的催化剂可重复使用6次，无需任何高温处理即可用于生物柴油生产。因此，选定的粘土有可能用作起始材料，以开发用于从低成本原料生产生物柴油的有效催化剂。