In March 2006, smoking in public places was banned in Scotland. The following year a similar ban was introduced in England—the last of the UK home nations to adopt this policy. At the time, some suggested that the ban might paradoxically increase children’s exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in the home. Parents who were unable to smoke in public places, such as pubs or restaurants, might instead smoke at home, thereby increase their children’s exposure to ETS. This was termed the ‘displacement hypothesis’.1 However, a systematic review of studies analysing the effects, on children’s ETS exposure, of banning smoking in public places concluded …

中文翻译：

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车内禁烟保护儿童，但电子烟是“车里的大象”吗？

2006 年 3 月，苏格兰禁止在公共场所吸烟。次年，英国出台了类似的禁令——英国是最后一个采用这一政策的国家。当时，一些人认为禁令可能会增加儿童在家中接触环境烟草烟雾 (ETS) 的可能性。无法在酒吧或餐厅等公共场所吸烟的父母可能会在家里吸烟，从而增加孩子接触 ETS 的风险。这被称为“置换假说”。1 然而，对分析公共场所禁烟对儿童 ETS 暴露影响的研究的系统回顾得出结论……