We demonstrate the trapping of electrons propagating ballistically at far-above-equilibrium energies in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures in high magnetic field. We find low-loss transport along a gate-modified mesa edge in contrast to an effective decay of excess energy for the loop around a neighboring, mesa-confined node, enabling high-fidelity trapping. Measuring the full counting statistics via single-charge detection yields the trapping (and escape) probabilities of electrons scattered (and excited) within the node. Energetic and arrival-time distributions of captured electron wave packets are characterized by modulating tunnel barrier transmission.

中文翻译：

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弹道非平衡电子的俘获和计数

我们证明了在强磁场中GaAs / AlGaAs异质结构中，在远高于平衡能量处的弹道传播的电子的俘获。我们发现沿门修改的台面边缘的低损耗传输与相邻台面约束节点周围的环路的有效多余能量的有效衰减形成对比，从而实现了高保真捕获。通过单电荷检测来测量全计数统计量会产生散布（和激发）在节点内的电子的捕获（和逸出）概率。捕获的电子波包的能量和到达时间分布通过调制隧道势垒传输来表征。