Bacteria constantly experience changes to their external milieu and need to adapt accordingly to ensure their survival. Certain bacteria adapt by means of cellular differentiation, resulting in the development of a specific cell type that is specialized for life in a distinct environment. Furthermore, to understand how bacteria adapt, it is essential to appreciate the significant changes that occur at the proteomic level. By analysing the proteome of our model organism Vibrio parahaemolyticus from distinct environmental conditions and cellular differential states, we demonstrate that the proteomic expression profile is highly flexible, which likely allows it to adapt to life in different environmental conditions and habitats. We show that, even within the same swarm colony, there are specific zones of cells with distinct expression profiles. Furthermore, our data indicate that cell surface attachment and swarmer cell differentiation are distinct programmes that require specific proteomic expression profiles. This likely allows V. parahaemolyticus to adapt to life in different environmental conditions and habitats. Finally, our analyses reveal that the expression profile of the essential protein pool is highly fluid, with significant fluctuations that dependent on the specific life‐style, environment and differentiation state of the bacterium.

中文翻译：

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副溶血性弧菌对不同环境的蛋白质组特异性适应包括必需蛋白表达的明显波动

细菌不断经历其外部环境的变化，需要相应地适应以确保其生存。某些细菌通过细胞分化来适应，从而导致特定细胞类型的发展，该细胞类型专门用于在不同环境中生活。此外，要了解细菌如何适应环境，必须了解蛋白质组学水平上发生的重大变化。通过分析我们的模型生物副溶血弧菌的蛋白质组从不同的环境条件和细胞分化状态出发，我们证明了蛋白质组表达谱具有高度的灵活性，这很可能使其能够适应不同环境条件和栖息地的生活。我们显示，即使在同一群菌落内，也存在具有不同表达谱的特定区域的细胞。此外，我们的数据表明细胞表面附着和群体细胞分化是需要特定蛋白质组学表达谱的不同程序。这可能允许副溶血性弧菌适应不同环境条件和栖息地的生活。最后，我们的分析表明，必需蛋白池的表达谱具有很高的流动性，其显着波动取决于细菌的特定生活方式，环境和分化状态。