Research since 2000 has clearly shown that ionic liquids (ILs) and their metal salt containing mixtures have good potential to be considered as electrolytes (ILELs) in lithium and other electropositive metal (ion) batteries. This outcome is particularly relevant for the operation of such devices in elevated temperature regimes where ILELs would have a significant advantage over the conventional organic carbonate solvent/LiPF₆ electrolytes that, due to their limited thermal stability and flammability, cause concerns about the safety of current LIB technology. There is evidence from a number of review articles that physicochemical properties can be tailored such that ILELs could meet requirements for operating in batteries at lower temperature regimes. By drawing on a broad range of cation/anion combinations, there is further evidence from these papers that within a particular family of cations, the physicochemical properties of ILs and ILELs are largely defined by the anion component. Despite the key role of the anion there are few reviews that have sections dedicated to this aspect. This review surveys the physicochemical, transport and structural properties of ILs (mainly pyrrolidinium salts) and ILELs employing prominent and representative anion classes.

中文翻译：

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基于离子液体的锂（钠）电池电解质：突出显示阴离子所起的关键作用

自2000年以来的研究清楚地表明，离子液体（ILs）及其含金属盐的混合物具有被认为是锂和其他正电金属（离子）电池中的电解质（ILEL）的良好潜力。该结果与此类设备在高温条件下的运行特别相关，在这种情况下，ILEL比传统的有机碳酸盐溶剂/ LiPF ₆具有明显的优势。电解质，由于其有限的热稳定性和可燃性，引起对当前LIB技术安全性的担忧。从许多评论文章中可以看出，可以调整理化特性，以使ILEL能够满足在低温条件下在电池中运行的要求。通过利用范围广泛的阳离子/阴离子组合，这些论文进一步证明，在特定的阳离子家族中，IL和ILEL的物理化学性质主要由阴离子成分决定。尽管阴离子起着关键作用，但很少有评论专门针对这一方面。这篇综述调查了使用显着和代表性阴离子类别的IL（主要是吡咯烷鎓盐）和ILEL的理化，转运和结构性质。