The goal of this study is to investigate the neural correlates of working memory function associated with chemotherapy in pediatric cancer survivors using event-related functional MRI (fMRI) analysis. Fifteen pediatric cancer survivors treated with chemotherapy and 15 healthy controls were studied. Blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) fMRI was acquired. A visual n-back task was used to test working memory function during the fMRI scan. Responses were recorded via an MRI compatible button box for analysis. fMRI scans were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping software. All statistics were corrected for multiple comparisons by false discovery rate, with p < 0.05 as significance. Patients however gave more incorrect responses (p < 0.05), more no responses (p < 0.05), and longer response times (p < 0.05) compared with healthy controls. Correct responses generated significantly lower BOLD responses in the posterior cingulate for pediatric cancer survivors compared with controls (p < 0.05). Incorrect responses generated significantly greater BOLD responses in the angular gyrus in survivors (p < 0.05), and no response trials generated greater BOLD responses within the superior parietal lobule (p < 0.05) compared with controls. Working memory impairment appears to be due to an inability to manipulate information and to retrieve information from memory. The ability to delineate the affected neural circuits associated with chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment could inform treatment strategies, identify patients at high risk of developing cognitive deficits, and pre-emptively tailor behavioral enrichment to overcome specific cognitive deficits.

中文翻译：

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fMRI研究显示，经化疗治疗的小儿癌症幸存者的工作记忆功能与神经相关。

这项研究的目的是使用事件相关功能MRI（fMRI）分析研究与癌症相关的儿童记忆幸存者工作记忆功能的神经相关性。研究了15名接受化疗的儿童癌症幸存者和15名健康对照。获得了血液氧合水平依赖性（BOLD）fMRI。在fMRI扫描过程中，使用视觉n-back任务来测试工作记忆功能。通过MRI兼容按钮框记录响应，以进行分析。使用统计参数映射软件分析功能磁共振成像扫描。所有统计数据均通过错误发现率进行了多次比较，其中p <0.05为显着性。然而，患者给出了更多错误反应（p <0.05），更多无响应（p <0.05）和更长的响应时间（p <0）。05）与健康对照组比较。与对照组相比，小儿癌症幸存者正确的反应在后扣带回中的BOLD反应明显降低（p <0.05）。与对照组相比，不正确的应答会在幸存者的角回中产生更大的BOLD应答（p <0.05），并且没有应答试验在上顶小叶内产生更大的BOLD应答（p <0.05）。工作内存损坏似乎是由于无法操纵信息和无法从内存中检索信息所致。划定与化疗引起的认知障碍相关的受影响神经回路的能力可以为治疗策略提供参考，确定患有认知缺陷的高风险患者，