Research has indicated that consuming medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) may be more satiating than consuming long-chain triglycerides (LCT) potentially causing a reduction in energy intake. However not all studies have demonstrated this acute reduction in energy intake and it has yet to be systematically reviewed. Our main objective was to examine how ingestion of MCT influences energy intake, subjective appetite ratings and appetite-related hormones compared to LCT. Web of Science, MEDLINE, CINHAL, and Embase were searched for publications comparing the effect of MCT on appetite (commonly hunger, fullness, desire to eat, and prospective food consumption), appetite-related hormones (pancreatic polypeptide (PP), gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), neurotensin, leptin, total ghrelin and active ghrelin) and energy intake to LCT. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted on studies which examined energy intake. Seventeen studies (291 participants) were included in the systematic review, of which 11 were included in the energy intake meta-analysis. Synthesis of combined data showed evidence of a statistically significant moderate decrease in ad libitum energy intake after both acute and chronic ingestion of MCT compared to LCT when assessed under laboratory conditions (mean effect size: −0.444, 95% CI −0.808, −0.080, p < 0.017), despite little evidence of any effect of MCT on subjective appetite ratings or circulating hormones. The current evidence supports the notion that MCT decreases subsequent energy intake, but does not appear to affect appetite. Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms by which MCT reduce energy intake.

研究表明，食用中链甘油三酸酯（MCT）可能比食用长链甘油三酸酯（LCT）更令人满意。但是，并非所有研究都表明能量摄入的这种急剧减少，因此尚待系统地审查。我们的主要目的是检查与LCT相比，MCT的摄入如何影响能量摄入，主观食欲等级和与食欲相关的激素。在Web of Science，MEDLINE，CINHAL和Embase中搜索了出版物，比较了MCT对食欲（通常是饥饿，饱食，进食欲望和预期食物消耗），食欲相关激素（胰腺多肽（PP），胃抑制）的影响多肽（GIP），肽YY（PYY），胰高血糖素样肽1（GLP-1），神经降压素，瘦素，总生长素释放肽和活性生长素释放肽）和LCT的能量摄入。对检查能量摄入的研究进行了随机效应荟萃分析。系统评价包括十七项研究（291名参与者），其中11项包括在能量摄入的荟萃分析中。综合数据的综合显示，统计学上显着降低了在实验室条件下进行评估时，与LCT相比，急性和慢性摄入MCT后随意摄入能量（平均影响大小：-0.444，95％CI -0.808，-0.080，p  <0.017），尽管几乎没有证据表明MCT有任何影响评估主观食欲或循环激素。当前的证据支持MCT减少了随后的能量摄入，但似乎并未影响食欲的观点。有必要进行进一步的研究来阐明MCT减少能量摄入的机制。