Abstract

In recent years, the impact of ultrafine nanomaterials on the aquatic organisms and their ecosystems contributed much concern due to their abundance in environment. Several toxicity studies have reported that nanoparticles induced reproductive stress and resulted in reproductive impairment of fishes. The present study was aimed to investigate the stress-induced toxicity of C₆₀ fullerene nanomaterial on various reproductive parameters of the freshwater fish, Anabas testudineus. Fish were exposed to two sublethal concentrations of fullerene C₆₀, one-tenth (5 mg/L) and one-fifth (10 mg/L) of LC₅₀–96 h, for 4, 7, 15, 30, and 60-day durations. At the end of exposure period, the activities of steroidogenic enzymes, 3β-, and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase decreased in the testis and ovary thereby indicated that the nanomaterial affected gonadal steroidogenesis. The level of serum testosterone decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in male whereas the level of estradiol showed significant (p < 0.05) reduction in female fish with significant (p < 0.05) increase in the level of serum cortisol in both sexes in concentration- and time-dependent manner. The analysis of the levels of alkali-labile phosphates, plasma calcium, and total protein showed significant (p < 0.05) reduction in female fish without significant changes in male fish, and this could be due to the antiestrogenic action of fullerene C₆₀ nanomaterial. The activity of aromatase enzyme decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in the ovary and brain of female fish, and the decline in the enzyme activity was prominent only in the brain tissue of male fish. The present results suggested that the stress-induced by fullerene C₆₀ exposure provoked reproductive toxicity in the fish, Anabas testudineus.

中文翻译：

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C60富勒烯在淡水鱼Anabas testudineus的生殖毒性诱导中的可能作用（Bloch，1792年）。

摘要

近年来，由于超细纳米材料在环境中的丰富性，其对水生生物及其生态系统的影响引起了很多关注。几项毒性研究报告说，纳米颗粒可引起生殖压力并导致鱼类生殖损伤。本研究旨在研究C ₆₀富勒烯纳米材料对淡水鱼Anabas testudineus各种生殖参数的应激诱导毒性。鱼暴露在两种致死浓度的富勒烯C _60中，分别为十分之一（5 mg / L）和五分之一（10 mg / L）的LC ₅₀–96小时，持续4、7、15、30和60天。在暴露期结束时，睾丸和卵巢中类固醇生成酶，3β-和17β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶的活性降低，从而表明纳米材料影响了性腺的类固醇生成。雄性大鼠血清睾丸激素水平显着降低（p  <0.05），雌性雌二醇水平显着降低（p  <0.05），而雌雄鱼 的血清皮质醇水平显着升高（p <0.05）。和时间依赖的方式。碱不稳定基磷酸盐，血浆钙和总蛋白的水平的分析显示显著（p <0.05）雌鱼的减少而雄鱼没有显着变化，这可能是由于富勒烯C ₆₀纳米材料的抗雌激素作用。 在雌鱼的卵巢和脑中，芳香化酶的活性显着下降（p <0.05），并且该酶活性的下降仅在雄鱼的脑组织中才显着。目前的结果表明，富勒烯C ₆₀暴露引起的应激会引起鱼Anabas testudineus的生殖毒性。